自考“英语（一）”笔记 四十二

句子中的where 是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰名词cases，因此，in cases where the explanation is unknown可以译为“在对一些的解释还不为人们所知的情况下。”用关系副词 where引导定语从句也是很常见的，如：

1）Let's think of a situation where this idiom can be used （我们来想一个可以使用这个习语的场合）

2）Is there a library around where we can borrow books？（附近有什么图书馆可以借书吗？）

句子中that引导的是一个表语从句。表语从句和主句中的连系动词连用，结构为：主语＋连系动词＋表词从句，例如：

1）My idea is that we should do it as soon as possible（我的建议是我们应该尽早做这件事）

2）It looks that it is going to rain（看起来天要下雨）

句子中的if…。only 在此表示尚欠缺的唯一条件，if it can only be discovered 可以译为“ 只是尚未被发现罢了”。

9. This means the ability to face the facts as they are regardless of what one has previously thought.句子中的as是一个连词，表示方式，意思是“按照；如同；例如”

1）We must state the facts as they are.（我们必须如实地陈述事实）

2）Give me the bike as it is， I'll get it repaired （把自行车照实给我，我去修理）

Regardless of是一个常用词组，意思是“不顾”，例如：

1）Our manager often acts regardless of consequences （我们经理做事常常不顾后果）

2）He set out regardless of the heavy snow（他不顾天降大雪出发了）

10.The worker in science must face facts whether they are pleasant or unpleasant.

whether…or引导的是一个让步状语从句，意思是“无论，不管，”例如：

1）Whether you believe it or not it's truth （无论你信不信，那总是事实）

2）He will be here on time whether he drives or takes the train

（不管他开汽车来还是乘火车来，他总会准时到达）

11.Scientists must be able to change their thinking and to adapt their theories to new facts as they are discovered.

adapt 意为“使适应，使配合”，常指改变以适应新的情况，后面常接介词to， 例如：

1）Some animals will modify their behavior to adapt to their environment（有些动物会改变习性来适应环境）

2）We have to adapt our thinking to the new conditions （我们得使自己的思想适应新的情况）

请注意区别动词adapt和adopt，在词汇部分，我们已作了讲解。

12. A scientific truth offers an explanation that is acceptable only in the light of what is known at a particular time

in the light of 是一个常用词组，意思是“根据，按照；考虑到”，例如：

1） To find truth in the light of science is the only correct way（凭借科学探求真理是唯一正确的方法）

2） We must apply Marxism in the light of China's specific conditions

（我们必须按照中国的具体情况应用马克思主义）

This should be discussed more fully in the light of the developments in the University

（考虑到学校的发展，这个问题应该讨论得更充分一些。）

本课主要词组

1. seek answers t

2. lay aside

3. be curious about

4. take apart

5. combine with

6. carry out

7. believe in

8. ergardless of

9. whether…or

10. be willing to

11. succeed in

12. in advance

13. adapt to

14. make up one's mind

15. once and for all

16. in the light of

17. respect for

18. come up

19. laugh at

20. change one's mind

21. experiment on

Text B   solving problems scientifically

有用的词和词组   Useful words and expressions：

1.  arouse one's curiosity

Once his curiosity is aroused， he will try every means to make everything clear.

2.  first of all

First of all I want to thank you with all my sincerity.

3.  arise

New problems will arise when old ones are solved.

4.  result from

His failure resulted from his lack of experience.

5.  bring about

The new policy has brought about a lot of changes in the rural areas.

6.  in need of

I think we will be in need of your help soon.

7.  build up

How can I build up my confidence when I meet failures time and again？

8.  modify

Some animals will modify their behavior to adapt to new environment.

9.  check with

I am not sure if these answers check with the key in the teacher's book.

10.turn out to be

His experiment turned out to be a great success.