自考“英语（一）”笔记 五十一

spare做形容词用时，意思是“多余的；空闲的；俭朴的”。如：

1）In his spare time he wrote some short stories. （他用余暇写了一些短篇故事。）

2）Sorry，I don't have any spare cash. Can I write a check？（对不起，我没有多余的现钱，我可以开支票吗？）

3）He is keen on this spare lifestyle. （他喜欢这种俭朴的生活。）

在本句中，spare用作动词，意思是“饶恕；使免遭”。如：

1）He begged them to spare his life. （他求他们饶他一命。）

2）You may spare yourself the trouble. （你不必找此麻烦。）

3）Call him and spare yourself a visit. （给他打个电话，省得你自己跑一趟。）

spare 也可以表示“抽出时间；出让”。如：

1）Can you spare me 5 minutes？ （你能抽出5分钟时间给我吗？）

Spare me 50 yuan and I will return the money on payday. （借给我50元钱，发工资那天我就还你。）

7. …We would rather talk about football or the weather or what we had for lunch.

在world rather 后面应用动词的原形形式。如：

1）I would rather stay at home. （我宁愿呆在家里。）

2）He would rather go and play football than go to the cinema. （他宁愿去踢足球，而不愿去看电影。）

3）I would rather you didn't tell me the truth. （我宁愿你没告诉我真话。）

在第三句中，would rather 后面跟的是从句，从句中的动词用虚拟语气形式。

what we had for lunch意思是“午饭吃了什么”。如：

1）What did you have for breakfast？ （你早饭吃了什么？）

2）I had nothing but a cup of coffee for breakfast. （早饭我只喝了一杯咖啡。）

8.Neither should we depend entirely on the agent when we buy insurance.

当否定词放在句首时，句子通常用倒装。如：

1）Never in my life have I seen such a beautiful place. （我一生中从没见过这么美丽的地方。）

2）Tom doesn't like pop music. Neither does his wife. （汤姆不喜欢流行音乐，他妻子也不喜欢。）

3）In no case will he give up the experiment. （无论如何他都不会放弃那个试验。）

4）Not only was he a teacher， but also a poet. （他不仅是一位教师，还是一位诗人。）

9.It is better that we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them than to just hope that they will somehow go away.

plan 一般可用作及物动词，而本句中的动词plan 作不及物动词用。

1）We will plan our weekend at noon. （中午时我们将安排周末的活动。）

2）I planned to go and meet him at the station. （我打算去车站接他。）

3）We should plan for our future. （我们应该筹划未来。）

deal with意思是“处理，对付；论述”

1）This is a book dealing with the skills of reading， writing and speaking. （这是一本论述读、写、说技能的书。）

2）The man is difficult to deal with. （那人很难打交道。）

3）There will be a lot of difficulties to be dealt with when you start your own business.（你开始自己做生意时会有许多困难要克服。）

10.Quite the opposite

本句的意思是“恰巧相反”，有时我们也可以用just the opposite.如：

They are very excited. I am quite the opposite. （他们很兴奋，我则恰好相反。）

本课主要词组

1. be interested in　2. be eager to

3. be of help4. visit with

5. be on guard　 6. at best

7. be unwilling to　 8. first of all

9. a sum of　10. pay for

11. in effect12. remind…of

13. would rather 14. depend on

15. look…in the face 　 16. plan for

17. deal with18. go away

19. neither…nor

Text B  What is money and what are its functions？

短语表达

1. be familiar with

I am not familiar with the book he mentioned in his lecture.

2. throughout

He never stopped learning throughout his life.

We want to make this place known throughout the world.

3. a number of

A number of ways have been suggested to control air pollution.

A number of students have applied for this part-time job.

4. rule out

The regulations rule out anyone under the age of 16.

The possibility of suicide has been ruled out.

Heavy rain ruled the match out for that day.

5. search for

The police are still searching for survivors of the plane crash.

They are searching the wood for the lost child.

6. worth

This bike is worth 250 yuan.

I don't think a two-day vacation is worth much.

7. respond to

How did he respond to what you said？

8. rather than

He is a writer rather than a teacher.

Rather than cause trouble， he left.

9. in terms of

She was asked to express her idea in terms of science.

We usually measure the value of material goods in terms of money.

10. be conscious of

I was not conscious of what was happening.

He was not conscious of his mistake.

11. convert to

Water can be converted to electricity.

He wanted to convert the US dollars to RMB.