胡锦涛在“金砖四国”领导人会晤时的讲话

爱思英语编者按：2010年4月16日，中国国家主席胡锦涛在巴西利亚举行的“金砖四国”领导人第二次正式会晤时发表题为《合作 开放 互利 共赢》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下。

合作　开放　互利　共赢
——在“金砖四国”领导人会晤时的讲话
中华人民共和国主席　胡锦涛
2010年4月16日，巴西利亚

Cooperation and Openness for Mutual Benefit and Win-Win Progress
--Remarks at the BRIC Summit
by H.E. Hu Jintao, President of the People’s Republic of China
Brasilia, 16 April 2010

尊敬的卢拉总统，
各位同事：

President Lula da Silva,
Dear Colleagues,

很高兴在美丽的巴西利亚同大家再次相聚。首先，我对卢拉总统和巴西政府为会晤所作的周到安排，表示衷心的感谢！

It gives me great pleasure to join you again in the beautiful city of Brasilia. Let me begin by expressing sincere thanks to President Lula and the Brazilian government for the thoughtful arrangements they have made for this meeting.

去年6月，我们在叶卡捷琳堡会晤时，世界经济深受国际金融危机冲击，主要经济体经济纷纷出现衰退，各国民众工作生活受到严重影响。在世界经济一片低迷的气氛中，我们四国共同发出推动世界经济尽快复苏的强烈信号，并进行艰苦努力，率先实现经济恢复增长。经过国际社会携手应对，世界经济形势已出现回暖迹象，有望逐步走出国际金融危机的阴霾。

When we met in Yekaterinburg last June, the world economy was in the quagmire of the international financial crisis. Major economies ran into recession, and the work and life of people around the world were seriously affected. In the face of a gloomy economic picture, the four BRIC countries came together and sent a strong message that we would work for the early recovery of the world economy. Through hard efforts, we became the first to achieve an economic turnaround. And thanks to the concerted efforts of the international community, the world economy has shown signs of recovery and is expected to gradually emerge from the financial crisis.

同时，我们必须看到，当前世界经济复苏的基础并不牢固，复苏并不均衡，还存在很多不确定因素。近期一些国家主权债务风险上升，国际金融市场出现波动，各种形式的保护主义抬头，一些国家就业形势严峻，气候变化、粮食安全、能源资源安全、公共卫生安全、重大自然灾害等全球性问题相互交织，世界经济治理结构深层次问题仍未解决。实现世界经济可持续增长还有很长的路要走。

At the same time, we must realize that the world economic recovery is not yet firmly established or balanced, and there are still many uncertainties down the road. We have seen recently the rise of sovereign debt risks in some countries, fluctuations in international financial markets, surging protectionism of various forms and grave employment situation in some parts of the world. Global challenges such as climate change, food security, energy and resource security, public health security and major natural disasters are intertwined, and the deep-seated problems in world economic governance structure are yet to be addressed. In short, there is still a long way to go before the world economy can achieve sustainable growth.

各位同事！

Dear Colleagues,

去年以来，我们四国对话和合作内涵不断丰富、层次不断拓展、成果不断涌现。我们四国政治体制、发展方式、宗教信仰、文化传统不尽相同，却能成为好朋友、好伙伴，这充分证明了不同社会制度可以相互包容，不同发展模式可以相互合作，不同历史文明可以相互借鉴，不同文化传统可以相互交流，顺应了和平与发展的时代潮流，体现了合作共赢的时代特点。

Over the past year, we have broadened the scope and increased the levels of dialogue and cooperation among our four countries, and our efforts have produced fruitful results. Our four countries differ in political system, development model, religious belief and cultural tradition, but we have become good friends and partners. This shows that countries with different social systems can be inclusive toward each other and countries with different development models can engage in cooperation. It also shows that different civilizations can learn from each other and different cultures can have exchanges. Our endeavor is in keeping with the trend towards peace and development and answers the call of our time for cooperation and mutual benefit.

当前，“金砖四国”合作既面临难得机遇，也面临严峻挑战。我们要从战略高度明确四国合作方向、推动四国合作进程。我们要以政治互信为基石，坦诚相待，相互尊重，相互理解，相互支持；以务实合作为抓手，重在行动，为合作注入新动力；以机制建设为保障，加大合作力度，拓宽合作领域；以互利共赢为目标，优势互补，最大程度分享合作成果；以开放透明为前提，增进同各方沟通和交流，体现合作的开放性。

“BRIC” cooperation now faces both valuable opportunities and severe challenges. We should set clear objectives for cooperation among the four countries and advance the BRIC cooperation process from a strategic height. We should base our cooperation on political mutual trust, and treat each other with sincerity, mutual respect, mutual understanding and mutual support. We should focus on practical cooperation and make our cooperation more dynamic through concrete actions. We should strengthen institutional building to support increased cooperation in broader areas. We should aim for mutual benefit by combining our respective strengths and sharing the fruits of cooperation to the fullest extent. We should view openness and transparency as the prerequisite of our cooperation and strengthen communication and exchanges to make our cooperation an open process.

各位同事！

Dear Colleagues,

当前，国际形势纷繁复杂，国际格局正在经历深刻调整。无论国际形势如何变化、国际体系如何变革，互利共赢的目标不能变，民主公平的原则不能变，相互尊重的方向不能变，同舟共济的精神不能变。

The international situation is now very complex, and the global pattern is undergoing profound readjustment. No matter how the international situation may evolve and what changes the international system may experience, we should remain firmly committed to the goal of mutual benefit, the principle of democracy and equity, the approach of mutual respect and the spirit of solidarity and cooperation.

我们要推动各方继续巩固世界经济复苏基础，加强宏观经济政策协调。既要协调“进入”，也要协调“退出”，保持宏观经济政策的持续性和稳定性。

We should encourage all parties to firm up the foundation of the world economic recovery and strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination. The international community coordinated the “entry” strategy in response to the financial crisis, and we must also act in coordination with respect to the “exit” strategy and maintain the continuity and stability of macroeconomic policies.

我们要推动各方努力解决全球经济治理结构不平衡问题，按时完成二十国集团领导人匹兹堡峰会确定的国际金融机构量化改革目标，增加新兴市场国家和发展中国家的代表性和发言权。

We should encourage all parties to address imbalances in the global economic governance structure. It is important to achieve on schedule the quantified reform targets of international financial institutions set by the G20 Pittsburgh Summit and increase the representation and voice of emerging markets and developing countries.

我们要推动各方继续推进贸易自由化、便利化，妥善处理贸易纠纷，抵制保护主义。推动多哈回合谈判主要各方展现诚意、显示灵活，尽早达成全面均衡的成果，促进建立开放共赢的多边贸易体制。

We should encourage all parties to continue to promote trade liberalization and facilitation, properly handle trade disputes and reject protectionism. The main parties to the Doha Round negotiations should demonstrate sincerity and flexibility to reach comprehensive and balanced outcomes at an early date and facilitate the establishment of an open and mutually-beneficial multilateral trade regime.

我们要推动各方完善国际金融监管体系，扩大监管范围，明确监管职责，制定普遍接受的国际金融监管标准和规范，健全监管机制。要提倡对主要储备货币发行经济体宏观经济政策和主权信用评级机构的监督。

We should encourage all parties to improve the international financial supervisory and regulatory regime by expanding its scope, specifying responsibilities, adopting universally accepted standards and norms and strengthening mechanisms. There should be supervision over the macroeconomic policies of major reserve currency issuing economies and over sovereign credit rating agencies.

我们要推动各方增强责任感和道义感，努力实现全球平衡发展，既增加发展投入、保障发展资源，又尊重各国基于国情的发展模式和政策空间。今年9月，联合国将举行千年发展目标高级别审评大会。我们要敦促国际社会特别是发达国家在增加援助、减免债务、开放市场、转让技术等方面兑现承诺，帮助发展中国家促进经济增长和民生改善，实现千年发展目标。

We should encourage all parties to embrace a stronger sense of responsibility and morality and work for balanced global development. It is important to scale up input in development and ensure development resources and at the same time respect each other’s development model chosen in the light of national conditions and policy space. In September, the United Nations will hold the High-level Meeting on the Millennium Development Goals. We need to urge the international community, particularly developed countries, to honor commitments in increased assistance, debt relief, market access and technology transfer and help developing countries promote economic growth, improve people’s well-being and meet the Millennium Development Goals.

为保持并推动我们四国对话和合作发展，中方愿承办“金砖四国”领导人第三次正式会晤。

To maintain and advance dialogue and cooperation among BRIC countries, China would like to host the third BRIC Summit.

各位同事！

Dear Colleagues,

中国改革开放30多年来，取得举世瞩目的发展成就。现在有很多人关心，中国今后会是什么样的国家？会说什么话，会做什么事？对老朋友会怎么样，对新朋友会怎么样？这里，我愿谈几点看法。

China has scored notable achievements over the past 30-odd years since reform and opening-up. Now many people are interested to know what kind of a country China is likely to be in the future. What will it say and what will it do? How is it going to treat old friends and how is it going to treat new friends? Let me share with you, in this connection, the following observations.

第一，中国的发展任重道远。中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口多、底子薄、发展不平衡是我们的基本国情。中国有13亿人口，人均国内生产总值刚超过3000美元，居世界一百位之后，按照联合国标准，还有1亿多人生活在贫困线以下，发展经济、改善民生任务十分繁重。中国在发展进程中遇到的矛盾和问题，无论规模还是难度，在当今世界绝无仅有，在人类历史上也是罕见的。中国要实现现代化，使全体人民过上安居乐业、富裕幸福的生活，还要进行长期艰巨的努力。

First, China’s development is a long and arduous task. China is the world’s biggest developing country. A large population, a weak foundation and uneven development: these are the basic realities confronting us. China has 1.3 billion people. Our per capita GDP has just exceeded US$3,000, trailing behind more than 100 countries. According to UN standard, we still have over 100 million people living below the poverty line. It is truly a heavy task to grow the economy and improve people’s livelihood in China. The scale and complexity of the challenges that we face in the course of development are unmatched anywhere else in the world and have been rarely seen in human history. To achieve modernization and ensure a prosperous life for all our people, we must make persistent efforts for a long time to come.

第二，中国的发展只能也必然是和平发展。中华民族历来爱好和平，自古就有和为贵、亲仁善邻的传统。中国谋求发展既不损害别人，更不威胁别人。我们始终倡导并信守“己所不欲，勿施于人”。近代中国人民频遭劫难，最珍惜和平、安宁、和谐、自由。中国将坚持走和平发展道路。一个繁荣发展的中国，一个和平合作的中国，愿意也能够随着自身发展为人类和平与发展作出新的更大的贡献。

Second, peaceful development is China’s only and logical choice. The Chinese people love peace. It is our long-cherished tradition to foster harmony and build amicable ties with neighbors. China’s development will not bring harm or pose a threat to anyone. We advocate and follow the principle of “do not do onto others what you do not want others to do onto you”. The Chinese people suffered so much in modern history, and we therefore value peace, stability, harmony and freedom more than anything else. China is committed to the path of peaceful development. A prosperous and growing China dedicated to peace and cooperation is willing and able to make new and even greater contribution to mankind’s pursuit of peace and development.

第三，中国的发展是开放共赢的发展。中国奉行互利共赢的开放战略，始终通过互利合作促进各国共同发展。中国坚持对外开放的基本国策，发展开放型经济，努力扩大进口，积极利用外资，加快实施自由贸易区战略，推动区域经济一体化，同各国共享扩大市场、深化分工带来的利益。国际金融危机发生以来，中国积极参与相关国际合作，派出多个贸易投资促进团和大型采购团赴国外采购。中国尽力向发展中国家提供支持和帮助，已累计免除49个重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，对40多个最不发达国家的商品给予零关税待遇。去年11月，中国宣布了旨在促进非洲实现可持续发展的新8项举措，扩大对非贸易和投资，加强中非务实合作，增强非洲自主发展能力，共同应对国际金融危机挑战。

Third, China’s development is an inclusive, win-win process. China pursues a win-win strategy of opening-up and seeks to promote common development of all countries through mutually-beneficial cooperation. Guided by the basic state policy of opening-up, we have been endeavoring to develop an open economy, increase import, actively use foreign investment, implement the FTA strategy at a faster pace, push forward regional economic integration, and share with other countries the benefits of expanding markets and deepening division of labor. China has taken an active part in the international cooperation to counter the global financial crisis ever since it broke out. We have sent many trade and investment promotion missions and large procurement missions abroad. China has made great efforts to support and help developing countries. We have cancelled the debts owed by 49 heavily indebted poor countries and least developed countries and offered zero-tariff treatment to commodities from more than 40 least developed countries. Last November, we announced eight new measures in support of Africa’s sustainable development. These measures will help expand China’s trade with and investment in Africa, intensify practical cooperation between the two sides, build up Africa’s capacity to achieve self-development, and strengthen our joint endeavor to counter the global financial crisis.

第四，中国的发展是负责任的发展。2009年是新世纪以来中国经济发展最为困难的一年。受国际金融危机影响，中国出口大幅下降，失业人员大量增加，经济增速下滑。我们坚持把保持经济平稳较快发展作为经济工作的首要任务，全面实施并不断丰富完善应对国际金融危机冲击的一揽子计划和政策措施，实现国内生产总值增长8.7%，为推动世界经济复苏作出了重要贡献。我们把加快经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整作为促进经济平稳较快发展的重要任务，着力推动消费、出口、投资协调增长，特别是着力扩大国内需求、增加居民消费。我们从不刻意追求贸易顺差，始终把促进国际收支平衡作为保持宏观经济稳定的重要任务。去年，中国贸易顺差比前年减少1020亿美元，货物进口价值10056亿美元，成为世界第二大进口国，为外国产品和服务提供了大量机遇。我们一直按照主动性、可控性、渐进性原则稳步实施有管理的浮动汇率制度。国际金融危机发生后，我们面临巨大困难，但保持了人民币汇率基本稳定，促进了国际经济金融体系稳定。

Fourth, China follows a responsible approach in pursuing development. The year 2009 was the most difficult year for the Chinese economy since the beginning of the new century. The global financial crisis led to a sharp decline in China’s export, a big increase in unemployment and a slowdown in economic growth. Confronted with such a situation, we gave top priority to maintaining steady and relatively fast economic growth, and fully implemented and steadily improved our package plan and policy measures in response to the financial crisis. Thanks to these efforts, we achieved an 8.7 percent GDP growth and made important contribution to the world economic recovery. To ensure steady and relatively fast growth, we have taken it as an important task to speed up the transformation of growth pattern and economic restructuring. We have worked hard to promote coordinated growth of consumption, export and investment, with a special emphasis on boosting domestic demand and increasing household consumption. We have no intention to seek trade surplus. Quite the contrary, we have always placed high importance on achieving equilibrium in the balance of international payments in an effort to maintain macroeconomic stability. Last year, China’s trade surplus dropped by US$102 billion over the previous year, yet our import in goods reached US$1.0056 trillion, making China the world’s second largest importing country and presenting great opportunities for foreign goods and services. We have been following a managed floating exchange rate regime in accordance with the principle of independent initiative, controllability and gradualism. Despite the tremendous difficulties caused by the global financial crisis, we have kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable and have thus made contribution to the stability of the international economic and financial systems.

各位同事！

Dear Colleagues,更多信息请访问：http://www.engbus.cn/

再过两个星期，上海世博会就要拉开帷幕。世博会是各国加强经济文化交流、促进人类文明进步的盛会。在这里，我谨代表中国政府和人民，热忱欢迎巴西、印度、俄罗斯和其他各国的朋友们到美丽的上海去，共襄盛举，共同创造和见证一届成功、精彩、难忘的世博会。

The Shanghai World Expo will open in two weeks. The World Expo is a great event for countries to increase economic and cultural exchanges and promote progress of human civilization. On behalf of the Chinese government and people, I warmly welcome friends from Brazil, India, Russia and all countries of the world to go to the beautiful city of Shanghai and join us in this great event. Together, we will contribute to and witness a successful, splendid and memorable World Expo.

谢谢大家！

Thank you!