骆家辉中国美国商会晚宴致辞

爱思英语编者按：在全球经济更趋一体化的今天，中国和美国的经贸往来日益密切。2012年11月20日，中国美国商会在北京举办了年度答谢晚宴。科技部部长万钢，美国驻华大使骆家辉等中美两国政府官员、中国美国商会会员共计800余人盛情出席。

骆家辉大使在中国美国商会晚宴上的讲话

Remarks at AmCham Dinner
在中国美国商会晚宴上的讲话

Gary F. Locke, United States Ambassador to China
美国驻华大使骆家辉

November 20, 2012
2012年11月20日

It’s really a great honor to be with all of you here tonight to recognize all the great work that’s being done to build our economies and to promote ever-expanding bilateral economic ties.  AmCham China is a vital link between our two countries, helping to expand trade and investment opportunities that create jobs and improve lives in both countries.
今晚，非常荣幸能与在座各位一起，答谢为建立我们经济和促进不断扩大的双边经济关系而做的所有伟大工作。中国美国商会是我们两国间的一个至关重要的联系，帮助扩大创造两国就业机会和改善两国人民生活的贸易和投资机会。

We’re particularly grateful to Ted Dean and Chris Murck and the entire AmCham staff for the outstanding work that they do every single day.
我们特别感谢狄安华和孟克文以及美国商会全体工作人员日复一日的杰出工作。

It’s also an honor to share the podium with Minister Wang who has been an especially important partner in this process.  I want to express profound thanks from the American people for his personal engagement with our country and our companies and our scientists and technologists in a number of areas.
与这个过程的一个特别重要的合作伙伴王部长分享一张讲台是一种荣幸。我想对他与我们国家、我们公司以及我们众多领域的科学家和技术人员的交往表达美国人民深深的谢意。

We’re particularly grateful for his inspirational leadership of the U.S.-China Joint Commission on Science and Technology and the U.S.-China Innovation Dialogue, both of which he co-chairs with Dr. John Holdren, the President’s Science Adviser.
我们特别感谢他对美中科技合作联合委员会以及美中创新对话的令人鼓舞的领导，他与总统科学顾问约翰·霍尔德伦博士联合主持这两个项目。

I also want to welcome all the other distinguished Chinese officials joining us here tonight from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Civil Aviation Affairs, the China Council for Promotion of International Trade and the local government officials.  Our companies throughout China, American companies in China, would not be successful without your active engagement and your concern.
我还要欢迎所有其他今晚前来的外交部、商务部、教育部、民政部、民航事务、中国国际贸易促进委员会的杰出中国官员和地方政府官员。没有你们的积极参与和关注，我们在中国各地的公司，在中国的美国公司，就不会成功。

As the countries with the largest economies and populations in the Asia Pacific, the United States and China have a unique role to play in regional peace and prosperity.  We have a shared interest in working together, not just for the good of our own people, but for the entire region.
作为亚太地区最大的经济体和人口最多的国家，美国和中国在地区和平与繁荣中扮演独特的角色。我们有共同利益一起工作，不只为我们自己人民的福祉，也为整个地区。

As the leaders of our two countries have said, we intend to find a way to coexist and cooperate without unhealthy competition, rivalry or conflict.
正如我们两国领导人所说，我们打算找到一种无不健康竞争、对抗或冲突的共存与合作方式。

Highlighting the importance the United States places on the entire East Asia and Pacific region, President Obama is currently in Phnom Penh for the East Asia Summit, one of the key forums for advancing regional cooperation in building a more stable and prosperous Asia Pacific.  This is his fifth visit to Asia in four years.  Earlier today President Obama met with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao at the Summit.
为了突出美国对整个东亚和太平洋地区的重视，欧巴马总统目前正在金边出席东亚首脑会议，这是推进建设更加稳??定繁荣亚太地区的区域合作的关键论坛之一。这是他四年中对亚洲的第五次访问。今天早些时候，欧巴马总统在这次首脑会议上会见了中国总理温家宝。

Both China and the United States have just recently selected leaders for the next several years, and we have worked well with China’s current leadership and we look forward to working with China’s new leaders.
中国和美国都刚刚选定了未来数年的领导人，我们一直与中国现任领导人合作良好，我们期待着与中国新任领导人一起工作。

In the last four years President Obama has met with President Hu Jintao 12 times.  President Obama also met with China’s new Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping during Mr. Xi’s successful February 2012 visit to Washington, D.C. as Vice President.
在过去四年中，欧巴马总统与胡锦涛主席会面12次。2012年2月，欧巴马总统还与以副主席身份对华盛顿D.C.进行成功访问的中国的新任共产党总书记习近平会晤。

Secretary Clinton has visited China seven times in the past four years.  And other senior U.S. leaders including Vice President Biden, Treasury Secretary Geithner, Federal Reserve Board Chairman Bernanke and Defense Secretaries Gates and Panetta have visited China and engaged with Chinese leaders in the United States.
克林顿国务卿在过去四年中访问中国7次。而且，其他美国高层领导人，包括拜登副总统，盖特纳财政部长，伯南克联邦储备委员会主席以及盖茨和帕内塔国防部长都访问过中国，并在美国与中国领导人打过交道。

Through all of these interactions over the past four years we have developed patterns of engagement and mechanisms for communication that have helped strengthen the U.S.-China relationship.  The United States is committed to further building a cooperative partnership with China including through strong economic engagement, cooperation on regional and global issues, and deepening people-to-people ties.
通过过去四年的所有这些互动，我们开发出已经帮助加强美中关系的交往模式和沟通机制。美国通过强有力的经济参与、区域和全球问题的合作以及加深人民与人民的联系等，致力于进一步建立与中国的合作伙伴关系。

It’s impossible to overstate the importance of the U.S.-China economic relationship.  More than a billion dollars of goods and services flow between our two countries each day. Contrast that 40 years ago when President Nixon made his first historic visit to China when the annual trade between our two countries was only $100 million.
无论怎么表述美中经济关系的重要性都不为过。每天，超过10亿美元的商品和服务在我们两国间流动。相比之下，40年前，在尼克松总统对中国进行第一次历史性访问时，我们两国间的年贸易额只有1亿美元。

Following President Obama’s launch of the National Export Initiative in 2009 U.S. exports to China have increased by almost 50 percent in just two years, even faster than the 40 percent growth of global U.S. exports during the same period.
在欧巴马总统2009年推出“国家出口倡议”之后，美国对中国的出口在仅仅两年间增加了近50％，甚至快于40％的同期美国全球出口增长。

Over 800,000 American jobs depend on producing goods and services sold to China, and millions of Chinese jobs are anchored by trade with the United States.
超过80万份美国就业机会取决于生产出售给中国的商品和服务，而且，数以百万计的中国就业机会与对美贸易息息相关。

We expect that Chinese investment into the United States will reach an all-time high this year, and the presence and investment of so many U.S. companies in China, including so many AmCham members, have brought great products, services and jobs to the Chinese people.
我们预计，中国在美国的投资今年将达到新高，而且，如此多美国公司（包括如此多美国商会会员）在中国的存在和投资为中国人民带来了非常好的产品、服务和就业机会。

China, in fact, is the single largest market for U.S. agricultural exports and in 2012 those agricultural exports are already running 40 percent higher than last year.
事实上，中国是美国农产品出口最大的单一市场，在2012年，农产品出口已经比去年高出40％。

As China’s economy grows and its interests expand its stake in the preservation of global peace and prosperity from which we both benefit will naturally rise.  So the United States looks to partner more fully with China on security issues.  Some examples where we are already closely partnering include working to halt the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery, bringing Iran into compliance with its international obligations.  And China has significantly reduced its purchase of oil from Iran.  Working to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula, promoting peaceful development in Afghanistan and bringing lasting peace between Sudan and South Sudan.
随着中国经济增长及其利益的扩大，其在维护我们都从中受益的世界和平与繁荣上自然会有更多的利害关系。因此，美国期待与中国在安全问题上更多地成为伙伴。我们正在密切合作的一些例子包括，努力制止大规模毁灭性武器及其运载工具扩散，使伊朗遵守其国际义务。中国已经显著减少从伊朗购买石油。努力使朝韩半岛去核化，促进阿富汗的和平发展，以及为苏丹和南苏丹间带来持久和平。

Another important aspect of our bilateral relationship where we’ve seen tremendous growth over the past few decades is in people-to-people exchanges.  Business people, students, and simply tourists.  Further deepening our commercial, educational and cultural ties requires that our peoples can travel easily between our two countries.  And as Ambassador I’ve made streamlining our visa process a top priority since I arrived in Beijing a little more than a year ago.
在过去的几十年里，我们看到双边关系有巨大增长的另一个重要方面是在人民间的交流上。商务人士，学生和游客。进一步深化我们的商业、教育和文化关系要求我们的人民能容易地在我们两国之间来往。作为大使，自我一年多以前到达北京开始，我已经将简化我们的签证流程作为首要优先事项。

I’m happy to announce, proud to announce that our consular officers throughout China have processed more than 1.4 million non-immigrant visa applications in the past years.  That’s a staggering 81 percent increase over the last two years.  And we’ve done it all while keeping the average wait time each month for visa appointments at five days during the past 12 months.
我很高兴地宣布，自豪地宣布，我们在中国各地的领事官员在过去几年已经处理了超过140万份非移民签证申请。在过去的两年这是81％的惊人增长。在做到这点的同时，我们还使过去12个月中每月的签证预约平均等候时间保持在五天。

We’re also meeting with the Chinese government to hopefully reach an agreement on expanded visa reciprocity which would grant both Chinese travelers and American travelers to China visas that are good for longer than the current one year.
我们与中国政府会面，以有希望达成一项扩大签证互惠协议，这将给中国游客和前往中国的美国游客比目前的一年有效时间更久的签证。

One aspect where we have had long positive bilateral cooperation is in science and technology.  As many of you know, the 1979 U.S.-China agreement on cooperation in science and technology was the first agreement signed by President Carter and Deng Xiaoping after the normalization of diplomatic relations.  That agreement continues to be the backbone of positive bilateral cooperation 30 years later.
我们有长期、积极的双边合作的一个方面是在科学和技术上。正如你们许多人都知道，1979年的美中科学与技术合作协议是外交关系正常化后由卡特总统和邓小平签署的第一份协议。这一协议在30年后仍然是积极双边合作的支柱。

Today that cooperation is more vibrant, diverse, and forward thinking than ever.  As the world’s two largest economies, two biggest energy users and two biggest emitters of greenhouse gases it’s essential that the U.S. and China work together to solve some of the world’s most pressing environmental problems.
如今，这种合作比以往更加有活力，多样化和有前瞻性。作为世界上最大的两个经济体，最大的两个能源使用者和最大的两个温室气体排放者，美国和中国有必要共同合作，解决世界上一些最紧迫的环境问题。

A great example of this cooperation is the U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center which Minister Wang and Energy Secretary Chu launched three years ago.  This project brings together teams of U.S. and Chinese scientists and engineers to collaborate on the research necessary for innovation that both of our countries urgently need.  Energy efficiency, clean coal and new energy vehicles.
这种合作的一个很好的例子是美中清洁能源研究中心，这是万部长和能源部朱部长在三年前启动的。该项目将美国和中国的科学家和工程师团队聚到一起，合作为我们两国都迫切需要的创新进行必要研究。能源效率，清洁煤炭和新能源交通工具。

Our agricultural flagship programs bring U.S. and Chinese researchers and engineers together to demonstrate global leadership in agricultural research and to pioneer new solutions in areas like food security and sustainable development.
我们的农业旗舰项目把美国和中国的研究人员和工程师聚在一起，以展示在农业研究上的全球领导力，并在诸如食品安全和可持续发展发面开拓新的解决方案。

I saw one example of our scientific cooperation in action last week when I visited the Hunan Provincial Chest Hospital in [Zhengzhou], the site of a joint China-U.S. Tuberculosis Research Institute.  And the U.S. and China have now committed roughly $2 million, U.S. dollars, to support joint research in Hunan focused on treating tuberculosis, especially some of the new drug-resistant strains of TB.
上周我访问在郑州的河南省胸科医院时看到了我们正在进行的科学合作的一个例子，该医院是一所中美结核病研究院所在地。美国和中国现在已经承诺提供约200万美元，以支持河南专注于结核病治疗的联合研究，特别是一些新的抗药性结核菌株。

These types of collaborative programs show that innovation need not be a zero sum game.  As the two largest economies in the world, China and the United States are uniquely positioned to drive global innovation and in the process benefit not just our own respective nations but also the entire global economy.  Because we in the United States believe innovation creates jobs and spurs broadly shared economic growth.
这些类型的合作项目表明创新不需要成为一场零和博弈。作为世界上最大的两个经济体，中国和美国在推动全球创新上有独特的地位，而且，不只是我们双方各自的国家，整个全球经济都在这个过程中受益。因为在美国我们相信，创新创造就业机会并广泛地刺激经济共同增长。

We hope to meet grand challenges such as developing solar cells as cheap as paint; inventing anti-cancer drugs that spare healthy cells; and designing clean and efficient cook stoves that don’t harm one’s health.
我们希望能迎接大挑战，诸如开发像颜料一样便宜的太阳能电池;发明使健康细胞不受伤害的抗癌药物；以及设计不损害人体健康的清洁、有效的炉灶。

Right now China and the U.S. have partnered through a number of innovative public/private partnerships, unleashing the power of the private sector to pioneer new technologies, improve lives, and increase productivity.  A concrete example of this is the U.S.-China Energy Cooperation Project.  This project has delivered a number of important milestones in the U.S.-China clean energy field, but it’s also resulted in increased sales and revenues for both Chinese and American companies.
现在中国和美国已经通过一些创新的公/私伙伴关系相互合作，释放私营部门的力量开拓新技术，改善生活并提高生产力。这方面一个具体的例子是美中能源合作项目。本项目已在美中清洁能源领域树立很多重要的里程碑，它也为中国和美国的公司带来增加的销售和收入。

A similar aviation cooperation program and a similar health care cooperation program have also demonstrated the positive benefits to both societies when we develop public/private partnerships to enhance our bilateral governmental cooperation.  In fact under the aviation cooperation program we recently saw the first test flight of a Boeing Air China 747 powered by biofuels.
类似的航空合作计划和医疗保健合作计划也体现出为加强我们的双边政府间合作我们发展公/私伙伴关系给双方社会带来的正面利益。其实，在航空合作计划下，我们最近实现了中国航空公司采用生物燃料的波音747的首次试飞。

The U.S. economy has always been able to adjust to changing demands in a changing world through innovation from the bottom up.  However the United States government has also played an important role in fostering innovation when necessary.  But this is a very delicate balance.  Government support can be particularly crucial for investments in research and development since private sector entities do not always invest in areas where society most needs scientific progress.
在不断变化的世界，美国经济一直能够从下至上地通过创新适应不断变化的需求。然而，必要时美国政府在促进创新方面也发挥了重要的作用。但是，这是一种非常微妙的平衡。政府对投资研究和开发的支持可以发挥关键作用，因为私营部门实体并不总是投资于社会最需要科学进步的领域。

Some believe that the government must dominate certain sectors, protecting and insulating those areas thought to be drivers of future growth.  However, historical experience in the U.S. and other countries clearly shows that when governments try to pick winners they too often end up wasting resources and stifling the very industries they hoped to develop.
有些人认为，政府必须主导某些行业，保护和隔绝那些被看作是未来经济增长的驱动力的领域。然而，美国和其他国家的历史经验清楚地表明，当政府试图挑选赢家时，最终他们往往浪费资源和扼杀了那些正好他们希望发展的行业。

Companies that know they can rely on government support have little incentive to keep moving forward on the one hand, and face few consequences for failure on the other hand.
一方面，知道可以依靠政府支持的企业几乎没有动力继续前进，另一方面他们失败了几乎不用承担后果。

The bottom line is that developing and implementing the right types of policies in support of innovation is essential.  And governments should seek a modern, practical approach that recognizes both the need for fundamental support in certain areas, but also the hazards of overzealous government intervention.
制定和实施正确的支持创新的政策是必不可少的，这是底线。政府应该寻找一个现代的、实用的方法，既认识到在某些领域需要基本支持，也认识到过分热心的政府干预有危险。

An essential role of government is to ensure that individuals and businesses have the tools and the support that they need to take risk and to innovate, but not to dictate which risks they take.  The invention and the development of the internet, the microchip and GPS provide good examples of balance between public and private sector involvement.
政府的基本作用是确使个人和企业拥有他们承担风险和进行创新所需要的手段和支持，而不是命令他们去承担什么样的风险。互联网、微芯片和全球定位系统（GPS）的发明和发展为公共和私营部门参与之间的平衡提供了很好的例子。

These innovations were initiated under government auspices but commercialized by and flourished under the private sector.  Investments in basic research in these areas did not promise sufficiently quick profits so government provided scientists and inventors with the support they needed.
这些创新在政府赞助下发起，但在私营部门中获得商业化和蓬勃发展。投资这些领域的基础研究没能保证足够快的利润，因此政府为科学家和发明家提供他们需要的支持。

Just think of all the great jobs from manufacturing to retail as well as the benefits to society that have come from these breakthroughs.
试想想，从制造到零售所有的非常好的工作，以及这些突破给社会带来的好处。

Innovators also need to know that they’ll be able to enjoy the fruits of their investments and efforts without the danger that their inventions or discoveries will be taken away by others who did not undertake the initial risk.  Without effective intellectual property rights companies may not be able to recoup their risky investment, thereby dampening future investment levels and future innovations.
创新者还需要知道，他们的发明或发现不会有被那些一开始没有承担风险的人拿走的危险，他们将能够享受他们投资和努力的成果。没有有效的知识产权，公司可能无法收回有风险的投资，从而减低未来的投资水平和未来的创新。

That’s why we believe that the effective protection of intellectual property rights is a fundamental precondition to a robust and sustainable innovation economy.  Societies with reliable intellectual property regimes find that consistent protection can steer investment into higher risk exploration of new technologies which in turn stimulates their economies.
这就是为什么我们认为有效保护知识产权是强大的和可持续的创新型经济的一个基本先决条件。在拥有可靠的知识财产制度的社会中，始终如一的保护措施可以引导投资进入新技术的高风险探索，这反过来又刺激经济。

In contrast, companies with weak intellectual property protections provide little incentive for innovation and their industries languish when they depend on the successful innovation of others.
相比之下，知识财产保护薄弱的企业对创新几乎没有给予激励，并且当他们依赖于他人的成功创新时，他们的产业凋萎了。

So we applaud China for its stepped up efforts in this area in recent years.  We’re encouraged by the results and we encourage continued progress as China moves forward on the path toward an innovation economy.
因此，我们赞赏中国在最近几年在这方面的加速努力。我们为成果感到鼓舞，中国在创新经济的道路上前行之际，我们鼓励持续的进步。

The members of AmCham here tonight understand that innovation and cooperation work for the benefit of all.  Research and development in the U.S. often means job creation not just in the U.S. but in China and in other nations as well.  Likewise, a more innovative China will have concrete benefits for the United States and for the global economy.  The U.S. believes in the power of global competition and fair competition and cooperation to achieve our innovation goals.
今晚在这里的美国商会成员了解到创新与合作为所有人带来好处。在美国的研究和开发往往不仅给美国创造就业机会，也给中国和其他国家创造就业机会。同样，更加创新的中国将为美国和全球经济带来实实在在的利益。美国相信实现我们创新目标的全球竞争、公平竞争和合作的力量。

Our biggest global challenges know no boundaries.  One country cannot solve climate change or combat disease by itself.  In our inter-dependent world, science does not observe international boundaries and neither do markets.  Innovation is not a zero sum game, but one that benefits from level playing fields, internationally harmonized standards, common principles, and positive collaboration.  The United States looks forward to continued cooperation with China and all of our trading partners to help all of us achieve innovation that will spur our economies, create new jobs, and solve some of the world’s most pressing problems so that our children and our children’s children will enjoy a better tomorrow.
我们最大的全球性挑战没有界限。一个国家无法独自解决气候变化或防治疾病。在我们这个相互依存的世界中，科学无国界，市场无国界。创新不是一个零和游戏，它受益于公平竞争环境、国际协调的标准、共同的原则和积极的合作。美国期盼与中国和我们所有的贸易伙伴继续合作，以帮助我们所有人实现创新，创新将推动我们的经济，创造新的就业机会，并解决一些世界最紧迫的问题，从而使我们的孩子和我们孩子的孩子享受更美好的明天。

Thank you very much.
非常感谢。