男性不得不了解的十大健康问题

If you take better care of your car or favorite gadget than your body, you aren’t alone. According to the Men’s Health Network, a lack of awareness, weak health education, and unhealthy work and personal lifestyles have caused a steady deterioration of the well-being of American men.

大多数人都会很好的照顾自己的车和其他喜欢的小玩意，而忽略了自己的身体也需要照顾。根据男性健康网络所述，缺乏健康意识、健康教育薄弱、不健康的工作和个人生活方式导致了美国男性健康状况的持续恶化。

Visit your medical provider to learn how you can reduce your risk of common conditions facing men, such as cancer, depression, heart disease, and respiratory diseases.

你可以去医疗公司或者医院进行检查和咨询，进而了解如何减少你正在面临的风险，如癌症、抑郁、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病。

HEART HEALTH

心脏健康

Heart disease comes in many forms. All of its forms can lead to serious, fatal complications if undetected. The American Heart Association states that more than one in three adult men have some form of cardiovascular disease. African-American men account for 100,000 more cardiovascular disease deaths than Caucasian men.

心脏病有多种形式，如果不及时发现，它的所有形式都可能导致严重的致命的并发症。美国心脏协会表示，超过三分之一的成年人患有某种心血管疾病。非裔美国人的心血管疾病死亡人数比白人男性多10万人。

COPD and other respiratory diseases

慢性阻塞性肺病和其他呼吸系统疾病。

Many respiratory diseases start with an innocent “smoker’s cough.” Over time, that cough can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as lung cancer, emphysema, or COPD. All of these conditions interfere with your ability to breathe.

许多呼吸系统疾病都是从看似无辜的“吸烟者的咳嗽”开始的。随着时间的推移，这种咳嗽会导致危及生命的疾病，如肺癌、肺气肿或慢性阻塞性肺病。所有这些情况都会影响你的呼吸能力。

If you have smoked for more than 30 years, a low-dose CT scan maybe prudent to screen for lung cancer.

如果你吸烟超过30年，低剂量的CT扫描可能会对肺癌筛查有帮助。

Alcohol: Friend or foe?

酒精：朋友还是敌人?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), men face higher rates of alcohol-related deaths and hospitalizations than women do. Men binge drink twice as much as women. They are also prone to increased aggression and sexual assault against women.

根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的数据，男性与酒精相关的死亡和住院的比率要高于女性。男人酗酒的程度是女人的两倍。同时喝酒的男子还容易对妇女进行施暴和性侵犯。

Alcohol consumption increases your risk for cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, and colon. Alcohol also interferes with testicular function and hormone production. This can result in impotence and infertility. According to the CDC, men are more likely than women to commit suicide. They also are more likely to have been drinking prior to doing so.

饮酒会增加你患口腔、咽喉、食道、肝脏和结肠癌症的风险。酒精还会干扰睾丸功能和激素分泌。这可能导致阳痿和不育。根据疾病预防控制中心的数据，男性比女性更容易自杀。他们在这样做之前也更有可能喝酒。

Depression and suicide

抑郁症和自杀

Researchers at The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) estimate that at least 6 million men suffer from depressive disorders, including suicidal thoughts, annually.

美国国家心理健康研究所(NIMH)的研究人员估计，每年至少有600万人患有抑郁症，包括萌生自杀想法。

Unintentional injuries and accidents

意外伤害和事故

The CDC lists unintentional injury as a leading cause of death for men in 2006. This includes drowning, traumatic brain injuries, and fireworks-related mishaps.

美国疾病控制和预防中心将意外伤害列为2006年男性死亡的主要原因。这包括溺水、脑外伤和与火灾有关的事故。

Motor vehicle death rates for male drivers and passengers ages 15 to 19 were almost twice that of females in 2006. Male workers incurred 92 percent of the 5,524 total reported fatal occupational injuries. Remember, safety first.

2006年，年龄在15岁至19岁之间的男性司机和乘客的机动车死亡率几乎是女性的两倍。在5524份报告中，男性员工中有92%是致命的职业伤害。记住，安全第一。

Liver disease

肝脏疾病

Your liver is the size of a football. It helps you digest food and absorb nutrients. It also rids your body of toxic substances. Liver disease includes conditions such as: cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, autoimmune or genetic liver diseases

你的肝脏和足球差不多大。它能帮助你消化食物和吸收营养。它还会消除你体内的有毒物质。肝脏疾病包括：肝硬化、病毒性肝炎、自身免疫性或遗传性肝病。

According to the American Cancer Society, alcohol and tobacco use increases your chance of developing liver disease.

根据美国癌症协会，酒精和烟草的使用会增加你患肝病的几率。

Diabetes

糖尿病

If left untreated, diabetes can lead to nerve and kidney damage, heart disease and stroke, and even vision problems or blindness. Men with diabetes face a risk of lower testosterone levels and sexual impotence. This can lead to increased depression or anxiety.

如果不及时治疗，糖尿病会导致神经和肾脏损害、心脏病和中风，甚至出现视力问题，包括失明。患有糖尿病的男性还有睾丸激素水平降低以及性无能的风险，这也会导致抑郁或焦虑。

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) celebrates today’s “modern man” as someone who is more aware of his blood sugar health. The ADA recommends that men “get out, get active, and get informed.” The best way to control your diabetes is to eat healthy and exercise. If you have a family history of diabetes, it is important to see your doctor to have periodic screenings for diabetes.

美国糖尿病协会因“现代人”更了解自己的血糖健康状况而感到欣慰。《美国残疾人法》建议男性“外出、积极活动、并获得相关讯息。”“控制糖尿病最好的方法就是健康的饮食并适当的运动。”如果你有糖尿病家族史，重要的是要让你的医生定期检查糖尿病。

Influenza and pneumonia

流感和肺炎

Influenza and pneumococcal infectionare two leading health risks for men. Men who have compromised immune systems due to COPD, diabetes, congestive heart failure, sickle cell anemia, AIDS, or cancer are more susceptible to these illnesses.

流感和肺炎球菌感染是男性的两大健康风险。那些患有慢性阻塞性肺病、糖尿病、充血性心力衰竭、镰状细胞性贫血、艾滋病或癌症的免疫系统受损的男性更容易患上这些疾病。

Men are about 25 percent more likely to die from these diseases than women, according to the American Lung Association. To prevent against influenza and pneumonia, the American Lung Association recommends vaccination.

根据美国肺脏协会的数据，男性死于这些疾病的可能性比女性高25%。为了预防流感和肺炎，美国肺协会推荐接种疫苗。

Skin cancer

皮肤癌

According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, two-thirds of melanoma deaths in 2013 were men. This is more than twice the rate of women. Sixty percent of all melanoma deaths were white men over the age of 50.

根据皮肤癌基金会的数据，2013年有三分之二的黑色素瘤患者是男性。这是女性的两倍多。60%的黑素瘤死亡是50岁以上的白人男性。

You can help protect against skin cancer by wearing long sleeves and pants, hats with wide brims, sunglasses, and sunscreen when outdoors. You can also lower your risk of skin cancer by avoiding exposure to UV light sources.

在户外，你可以穿长袖和长裤、宽边帽、太阳镜并涂抹防晒霜来预防皮肤癌。你也可以避免暴露在紫外线光源下来降低患皮肤癌的风险。

HIV and AIDS

艾滋病

Men who are infected with HIV may not realize it, as initial symptoms may mimic a cold or flu. As of 2010, men account for 76 percent of people infected with HIV, according to the CDC.

感染了艾滋病毒的男性可能并不会马上意识到，因为最初的症状类似感冒或流感。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据，截至2010年，感染艾滋病毒的人数中其中76%是男性。

The CDC goes on to state that men who have sex with men account for most new and existing HIV infections. African-American men have the highest rate of new HIV infection among all men.

疾病预防控制中心继续指出，与男性发生性行为的男性更多的感染了新的和现有的艾滋病毒。在所有男性中，非洲裔美国人的艾滋病毒感染率最高。