研究：女性领衔的奥斯卡提名电影票房更高

Oscar-nominated films with a woman in the starring role are more profitable than their male-led counterparts.
女性领衔主演的奥斯卡提名电影比男性领衔的奥斯卡提名电影利润更可观。

Female-led films earn higher box office returns - despite usually lower production budgets, according to BBC analysis.
根据BBC的分析报告，女性领衔的电影尽管电影的制作成本通常更低，但票房回报更高。

On average, every dollar invested in a female-led film earns back $2.12. For male-led films this figure is $1.59.
平均来说，投入到女性领衔电影中的每1美元回报为2.12美元。男性领衔的电影回报为1.59美元。

Just 28% of films nominated for an Oscar since 2013 have had an actress taking top billing.
自从2013年以来，获得奥斯卡提名的电影只有28%是女性领衔主演的。

"Women are not bad box office, on or behind screen," says Kate Kinninmont, head of Women in Film and Television UK.
英国电影及电视界女性联合会主席凯特·基尼蒙特说：“无论是在台前还是幕后，女性带来的票房都不低。”

Oscar-nominated films with a clearly definable female lead were 33% more profitable than male-led films, when comparing US box office and production budget.
在对比美国电影票房和制作成本后发现，女性领衔的奥斯卡提名电影比男性领衔电影的利润高出33%。

This data, collated from Internet Movie Database, excluded documentaries and short films. The study looked at 155 films for which data was available, dating back to 2013. Distribution and promotional costs were not factored into the analysis.
这些数据来自网络电影数据库，不包括纪录片和短片。该研究调查了2013年至今能收集到数据的155部电影。发行和宣传成本不计算在内。

The female star boost isn't just an Oscars phenomenon.
女性领衔对票房的帮助不只是存在于奥斯卡范围内。

Last year was a bumper one for female protagonists, and the first time since the 1950s the top three highest-grossing US films all had female leads: Star Wars: The Last Jedi, Beauty and the Beast and Wonder Woman.
去年是女主电影的丰收年，也是20世纪50年代以来首次出现票房收入最高的三部美国电影全都由女性领衔主演——《星球大战：最后的绝地武士》、《美女与野兽》和《神奇女侠》。

Among 2017's 100 top-grossing US films, those with a female lead earned back more on their budgets - led by The Last Jedi starring Daisy Ridley, which made $618.3m.
2017年票房收入最高的100部美国电影中，女性领衔的电影票房回报更高。由黛西·雷德利领衔主演的《星球大战：最后的绝地武士》票房最高，收获了6.18亿美元。

This is partly driven by box office returns that are 7% higher on average than their male-led counterparts, but to a greater extent because the majority of female-led films have significantly lower budgets.
其中一部分是源于女性领衔电影的票房收入平均比男性领衔电影高7%，但是更大程度上是因为大部分女性领衔电影的成本要低得多。

The average production budget shrinks by 20% when a woman has the starring role.
当女性领衔主演时，平均制作成本会减少20%。

Hollywood's perception that "women won't bring in the same amount of money" is hard to change, says Kinninmont.
基尼蒙特说，好莱坞认为“女性赚不来那么多钱”的观念难以改变。

For every dollar invested into Oscar-nominated films during the last five years, 76 cents went to films with a male lead.
在过去五年里，投资到奥斯卡提名电影的每1美元，有76美分是投资给男性领衔的电影。

The Academy Awards have previously been criticised for their lack of diversity, notably in 2015, when all 20 nominees in the acting categories were white and there were no female nominees for direction or writing.
奥斯卡奖评委会曾因缺乏多样性而受到批评，尤其是在2015年，表演类奖项的20个提名者全是白人，而且导演或编剧奖项中没有任何女性被提名。

A 2017 study from San Diego State University found women made up just 18% of key roles behind the camera, including directors, writers, producers, executive producers, editors and cinematographers.
美国圣地亚哥州立大学2017年的一项研究发现，幕后关键岗位中女性只占了18%，包括导演、编剧、制片人、执行制片、剪辑师和摄影师。

"We have got to be reflecting real life on screen, and that goes for every kind of diversity," concludes Kinninmont.
基尼蒙特总结道：“我们必须在电影中反映现实生活，而这需要各种多样性。”