关于乔布斯你不知道的5件事

爱思英语编者按：史蒂夫•乔布斯是大自然鬼斧神工的产物，是个真正的偶像式人物，他的一些八卦和他的产品一样为人瞩目。关于这个“硅谷坏孩子”，这里要讲述一些你所不知道的故事。

Top 5 Myths About Steve Jobs

We don't often see the words "business" and "celebrity" together, but Steve Jobs was a business celebrity. Face it, he wasn't just any celebrity, either -- he achieved rock-star status, but his hands clutched an iPhone instead of a Gibson. Think about it, we didn't just follow Apple Inc.'s products or its stock price, we watched the CEO himself, and we gossiped. Following his death on Oct. 5, 2011, we saw countless tributes and memorials from Web sites, celebrities, tech pundits and even the president of the United States. Why did we like to gossip about Jobs? It's enticing to study people who are full of good ideas -- even more so, people who have built empires, as we try to uncover exactly how they did it.

Beyond that, Jobs was an interesting character. He was a college dropout who won the National Medal of Technology, who had a reputation as a difficult person and a demanding boss, and who slammed competitors' products and ran a cultish marketing show for his own.

One New York Times columnist had an interesting sociological explanation for why we've always taken a personal interest in Jobs . Jobs knew us so well -- from our early need for personal computers to the way our fingers like to dial songs on our iPods -- that we want to know him back.

Jobs kept details about his life private, and his company protected his privacy, which enticed us even more. Our fascination fed a rumor mill that often got stuff wrong. Here are five popular myths that surround Jobs.

5: The Apple Corporation Paid Jobs Only $1 for Running the Company

From 1997 until he stepped down as CEO of Apple in 2011, Jobs made a yearly salary of only $1 . In fact, during several of those years, Jobs' entire compensation was $1. As one quick-witted CNET reader pointed out in response to Ina Fried's article, "Apple Again Pays Jobs $1 Salary," his earnings couldn't buy him a song plus tax on iTunes . So right now, you're wondering, "So why's this on the myth list?" Well, it's only part of the story.

Instead of high salaries, Apple prefers to pay executives in performance awards and slow-vesting stock. This policy encourage executives to stay long-term. Other companies have similar practices. John Mackey, the CEO of Whole Foods Market and Eric Schmidt, now former CEO of Google, both made base salaries of $1 in 2008 . Obviously, Jobs made a lot more than $1 each year. For selling a record number of computers in 2000, Apple thanked Jobs with an $88 million private jet . As of April 2011, he owned more than 5.6 million shares of Apple stock. By Forbes's 2010 list, Jobs was the 136st richest person in the world, worth $5.5 billion .

4: Jobs' Car Displayed a Barcode Instead of Plates for the Sake of Safety and Privacy

A blogger once published a photo of Jobs's silver Mercedes in the Apple parking lot. The car had no rear license plate, and there was a barcode sticker inside the frame . Online, a commenter suggested police could scan Jobs's car as he sped by . We don't think so. The barcode is a serial number on all Mercedes like Jobs's. But where were Jobs's license plates? According to Fortune magazine, he left the plates off to avoid parking tickets. Jobs reportedly broke other auto-related rules, too. Do a Google search on Steve Jobs and handicapped space and you'll find a host of articles that mention the tech guru's parking peccadillo; at Apple, he was known to park his car in a handicapped space near the building's entrance .

Regarding the missing plates, Jobs once said that it was a sort of game to him . With whom -- police? People who would like to follow his car? License-plate thieves? People who'd like the space he just took? Who won?

3: Jobs Wore the Same Outfit Every Day -- A Black Mock Turtleneck and Jeans

Adrian Monk was a TV detective whose obsessive-compulsive disorder carried over to his choice of clothes . For him, it was always brown over plaid. But that was the work of his costume designers. The very real Steve Jobs, who we're pretty sure wasn't following a scripted wardrobe, almost always wore a black mock turtleneck and jeans -- at least in public, and at least since 1992 .

Why? Jobs never said. Like everyone else, we can speculate. The outfit looked comfortable. We all loosen our ties and pry off our heels when we want to do our best work. Or Jobs may have done it to save time, since he was undoubtedly busy.

Although he wore the outfit while at NeXT Computer, Jobs could've made it his uniform for Apple. It made Jobs and his products easy to identify. Jeffery O'Brien, a former senior editor at Wired magazine, suggested that the simple, straightforward outfit could send the message that Jobs uses his creativity elsewhere. Or Jobs, like his products, may merely have favored a simple interface.

In the category of "har, har, har," comes one reader's response to Steven Heller's fabricated "Fashion iCon" article. Daniel Kostka suggests that Jobs' turtleneck was wired for Internet access, as part a new line of iNecks. In a yin-yang kind of theory, one satirist suggested the outfit countered our "misery" in choosing among the thousands of songs on our iPods. Perhaps the turtleneck reflected Jobs' attitude toward buttons: First, he removed them from his shirt, and then his company came out with the iPod and iPhone.

But the fact is, Jobs didn't wear the outfit inflexibly. He changed when it was appropriate. He wore a suit to the 2001 MacWorld Expo in Tokyo and wore tuxedos to the Academy Awards. He occasionally wore a white T-shirt and black vest to work, and it's rumored that he owned a white turtleneck.

2: Steve Jobs Swore to Never Return to Japan

It's a great story: In 2010, Steve Jobs vacationed in Kyoto, Japan. At the conclusion of his trip, he headed to the airport to hop on his private jet and return home. But while going through airport security, airport personnel informed him that he wouldn't be allowed on his own plane. Why would they say this? Because Steve Jobs had purchased some ninja throwing stars while on vacation and he had them on his person (any self-respecting ninja would do the same).

The story continues. Steve Jobs, incensed that the airport security team wouldn't let him bring his souvenirs aboard his own private plane, declared that he will never visit Japan again. The story has all the earmarks of a great myth. You have the iconoclastic CEO -- who already dressed like a casual Friday ninja -- used to getting his own way. You have security personnel following the letter of the law in their procedures. You have the infamous Jobs temper invoked. Sadly, the story appears to be false.

An Apple official contacted John Paczkowski of All Things D to clear up the matter. According to the representative, Jobs did visit Japan but that's where the similarities between the story told above and reality part ways. The representative said that Jobs enjoyed his visit and that he had hoped to return to Japan soon. There's no word if the official then disappeared in a puff of smoke.

1: Steve Jobs Bullied Employees for no Reason

The mythological version of Steve Jobs takes many forms. There's the brash hacker who impishly used technology to make long distance phone calls for free. There's the master salesman with the reality distortion field who could convince you to invent reasons you needed a new product. And then there's the taskmaster -- the unyielding boss, driven and ruthless to competitors and employees alike.

The truth is more complex. Steve Jobs was a perfectionist and could focus on the smallest detail. To an engineer, the detail might seem insignificant. But to Jobs, if that detail didn't meet his approval it was a showstopper. He wasn't shy about expressing his opinion and could even end a project meeting early if something struck him as being wrong.

Jobs would heap praise on employees who got results. But the same employee who might be applauded one day could get chewed out the next day. Apple employees who worked with Jobs have said that they did some of their best work for him but that the experience was grueling.

Jobs could be abrasive. Sometimes, he used an aggressive approach to test employees. Those who could defend their work or point of view he would listen to. Those who couldn't, he would dismiss -- sometimes literally. He may even have used sharp criticism to encourage employees to work harder, knowing that he was feeding on their own insecurities. It got results but it probably wasn't the most pleasant work environment.

Jobs's approach might go against every manual on leadership that's in print but in the end Apple produced some of the most successful electronics for the consumer market ever to hit store shelves. And despite his reputation for being harsh and demanding, Jobs earned the devotion and admiration of many of his employees. Like other visionaries before him, the reality of Steve Jobs might just be larger than the myth.

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