美国的职场新人如何支配自己的收入?
英语君导读: 薪水应该怎么花?怎样才能存下钱?存钱真的有用吗?哪些消费才是明智的? 这些对于很多职场新人来说都是很头疼的问题。 美国人对本国的职场新人做了一个调查,统计了他们支配自己收入的方式;如果你正在被这类问题困扰着,不如先来看看他们是怎么管理自己的薪水的吧。 Einstein once said that the most powerful force in the universe was compound interest. 爱因斯坦曾经说过:宇宙中最强大的力量就是复利。 No one is in a better position to harness this force than those who have just started earning a regular salary. But popular wisdom tells you that it is just this demographic that has a tough time saving. Salaries are typically lower. 而那些刚刚开始拿薪水的人,就是最能从这股力量中获利的人了。但是,众所周知,这恰好就是那群不擅长存钱的人。而且他们的工资通常也不算高。 Here’s how that paycheck gets divvied up across the nation. 以下是一个普通美国人对自己收入的支配情况:
1. Housing (31.9%) 住房——占总收入的31.9% Among households in this age group, 61% are renting. 在这个年龄的人当中,61%的人是租房住的。 The average rent/mortgage check is $894 per month(60% of the total cost on housing). Obviously, this figure will vary widely based on location. 他们平均每月的租金或房贷是894美元(占住房总花销的60%)。不过显然,这个数字随着地区不同而不同。 The rest of the balance of housing money is devoted to utilities, household supplies, furniture, and appliances. 而住房花销中剩下的那部分,用在了水电燃气、日用品、家具和各种小物件上面。
2. Transportation (16.3%) 交通——占总收入的16.3% This includes monthly payments for the purchase of new/used cars, which runs roughly $296 per month. 这包括买车的钱以及车贷平均到每月的花销,大概是296美元。(这对于中国的毕业生来讲不太一样,毕竟在中国还是以公共交通为主) Last year, an average of $204 per month was spent on gasoline. 去年,在汽油上的平均花销是204美元。 The rest is used on maintenance, insurance, and “other vehicle expenses.” 其他的部分花在了维护费用、保险以及其他交通花销上。
3. Healthcare (4.9%) 健康——占总收入的4.9% Here’s where it really pays to be young. 这就是年轻真正的好处。(健康方面可以少花钱) Healthcare spending is one of the only categories that consistently inches upward throughout life. 健康是唯一一个随着年龄增长而花销变大的门类。 Of this total, 70% is used to cover insurance premiums, which likely means that employers are chipping in a significant percentage of the total cost of coverage. 而这里面的70%是花在了健康保险上面,所以基本上可以说是用人单位覆盖了里面的大部分。(在中国的普遍情况就是公司交掉一半)
4. Food (12.1%) 饮食——占总收入的12.1% Typically, 45% is spent on eating out. 一般来讲,这其中的45%是花在了外出就餐上面。 Meats, fish, eggs, fruits, and vegetables make up over 40% of the money that is spent monthly for food at home. 而在家吃的那一部分花销里,肉、鱼、鸡蛋、水果、蔬菜等食材占据了40%。(剩下的可能是零食吧)
5. Entertainment (4.4%) 娱乐——占总收入的4.4% When you think about it, it’s a pretty good deal when you’re able to spend as much on entertainment as you do on healthcare. 仔细想一下的话,娱乐的花销可以和健康花销等量,还是一件挺划算的事。 I should note that these figures include the costs of pets, TVs, hobbies, and any type of event you might attend. 我要指出,这部分花销包括了宠物、电视、兴趣爱好以及其他一切你可能参与的活动。
6. Pensions and Social Security (9.8%) 社保、养老金——占总收入的9.8% As you’ll see at the end, though, even with reduced benefits in the future, Social Security can play a key role in your retirement. 你们最终会明白的,虽然这些东西以后的价值会变低,但社保在你退休之后还是举足轻重的。(在中国,这部分一般是公司在发薪前就代缴了,而公司负担其中大部分)
7. Education (2%) 教育——占总收入的2% Many will argue that this number should be higher. After all, the graduation is only a beginning. Your career just started and there's a lot of skills to acquire if you wanna get promoted and paid better. 很多人都觉得这一部分应该更高一些。毕竟,毕业只是一个新阶段的开始。你的职业生涯才刚刚起步,如果你想升职加薪的话,还有不少技能要学。
8. Other (9.3%) 其他——占总收入的9.3% This covers a lot of different categories: clothes, alcohol, personal care products, cigarettes, donations, and even alimony payments. Lump all of them together and this is what you get. 这一部分包含很多门类:服装、酒、个人护理产品、烟、慈善捐赠甚至赡养费。把它们全部加起来就是你能自由支配的那一部分了。(能存下来的最大值) That leaves the average household of 2 people with $423 per month. 这对于一般的家庭(两口人)来说,就是每月423美元(约合人民币2800元) This may sound like a lot or a little, depending on your point of view. But let’s put it in perspective. This is equivalent to saving $5,076 per year. 这在你看来可能算多,也可能算少。不过且让我们用不偏不倚的视角来看看,这相当于每年5076美元(约合人民币34000元)。 If we assume that a couple, aged 30, is able to put away this much every month until they retired at age 67, adjusted for inflation, and assuming a return of 9% (just below the stock market’s historical average), they would have an equivalent of $484,000 in their nest egg come retirement time. 如果我们假设,一对30岁的夫妻,每月能存下这么多钱,一直存到67岁退休,然后假设他们的投资回报率是9%(刚好低于股票市场历史回报率的平均值),再算上通货膨胀,那他们在退休的时候就会有一笔484,000美元的财富(约合人民币326万元)。
Obviously, not everyone who reads this will represent the “average” household for this age group. There’s tons of variability. 不过显然,并不是所有读这篇文章的人都恰好是这个年龄段中的平均水平,变量是非常多的。 If nothing else, a key takeaway should be that if you want to super-charge your savings, focus on the Big Three of housing, transportation, and food to leverage your efforts. 但抛开一切不谈,最重要的一点建议是:如果你想让你的积蓄发挥最大的价值,你应该着重在住房、交通、饮食这三个大头上面精打细算。 (翻译:能猫)
英语君观点: 可以看出,住房、饮食、交通是最大的3块支出,它们加起来已经达到了总收入的60%;这个情况在中国也差不多,中国的比例甚至会更大一点。 而教育这一块就少得可怜,美国人民自己也觉得痛心疾首;而这对于中国的我们来说也是一样的,毕业并不是奋斗的结束,想要在职场上走得远,学习新技能是必要的。 例如,现在的中国越来越国际化,与外国人的交流与合作变得越来越频繁,因此,娴熟的商务英语正在变成许多职场人的刚需。 英语君为大家推荐沪江网校的商务英语课程,如果你想在国际化的职场上站稳脚跟,不妨点击进去试听一下吧: 除了教育以外,剩下的自由支配收入也是很多职场新人忽略的地方, 正如爱因斯坦所说,复利是宇宙中最强大的力量,如果你能存下钱,并能明治地投资理财,那你的每一天工作都将变现为将来的自由度;而如果你坚持做一个赚多少花多少的月光族,那你辛苦打工的生涯将会变得很长。 而说到理财,它可是个重要的技能,可惜我们的教育系统却完全没有在这上面着笔。 如果你也正在为自己的未来担忧,如果你希望早日达到财务自由,不如来先来试听一下沪江网校的理财入门课程吧: 最后,英语君在此感谢大家的阅读,祝大家都能做出明智的经济决策。 同时,也欢迎大家浏览沪江网校的其他课程~ 为自己的竞争力多做点投资~ 声明:本双语文章的中文翻译系爱思英语原创内容,转载请注明出处。中文翻译仅代表译者个人观点,仅供参考。如有不妥之处,欢迎指正。 |