汉语新难词英译
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摘要：时代飞速发展，汉语新难词不断涌现，翻译时颇难下笔，还有一些政策性很强的词句，翻译时颇费斟酌。故而，中国译协中译外委员会（由来自外交部、中央编译局、中国外交局、新华社、中国国际广播电台、中国日报社的专家学者组成）定期组织研讨会议，讨论并规范目前外宣工作中的汉语新难词，向社会公布，以正视听。以下选摘部分（均已注明出处，以显有据可稽）。 经济词汇 保险业 the insurance industry 保证重点指出 ensure funding for priority areas 补发拖欠的养老金 clear up pension payments in arrears 不良贷款 non-performing loan 层层转包和违法分包 mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 城乡信用社 credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents 城镇职工医疗保障制度 the system of medical insurance for urban workers 出口信贷 export credit 贷款质量 loan quality 贷款质量五级分类办法 the five-category assets classification for bank loans 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks 防洪工程 flood-prevention project 非法外汇交易 illegal foreign exchange transaction 非贸易收汇 foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions 费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes 跟踪审计 foolow-up auditing 工程监理制度 the monitoring system for projects 国有资产安全 the safety of state-owned assets 过度开垦 excess reclamation 合同管理制度 the contract system for governing projects 积极的财政政策 pro-active fiscal policy 基本生活费 basic allowance 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation 金融监管责任制 the responsibility system for financial supervision 经济安全 economic security 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设 to increase the deficit to spend more on development 扩大国内需求 the expansion of domestic demand 拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth 粮食仓库 grain depot 粮食收购企业 grain collection and storage enterprise 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行 closed operation of grain purchase funds 粮食销售市场 grain sales market 劣质工程 shoddy engineering 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines 骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage 融资渠道 financing channels 商业信贷原则 the principles for commercial credit 社会保险机构 social security institution 失业保险金 unemployment insurance benefits 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes 外汇收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents 信息化 information-based; informationization 智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive 外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises 下岗职工 laid-off workers 分流 reposition of redundant personnel 三角债 chain debts 素质教育 education for all-round development 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects 社会治安情况 law-and-order situation 民族国家 nation state 以上选摘自《中国翻译》2000年第一期 “台独” "independence of Taiwan" 台湾当局 Taiwan authorities 台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory. 西部大开发 Development of the West Regions 可持续性发展 sustainable development 风险投资 risk investment 通货紧缩 deflation 扩大内需 to expand domestic demand 计算机辅助教学computer-assisted instruction ( CAI ) 网络空间 cyberspace 虚拟现实 virtual reality 网民 netizen ( net citizen ) 电脑犯罪 computer crime 电子商务 the e-business 网上购物 shopping online 应试教育 exam-oriented education 学生减负 to reduce study load |
