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英文诗歌用词、词法、句法(三)

4

副词

amain(violently,suddenly,猛然、突然),

anon(soon,立刻);

erst(formerly,往昔);

full(very,完美的);

haply(perhaps,或许),

hard by(close or very near,在近旁);

natheless(nevertheless,然而),

nigh(almost,几乎);

right(very,precisely,准确的);

scantly(scantily,贫乏的),

scarce(scarcely,刚刚),

sore(sorely,痛苦的);

whilom(formerly,从前)

列举以下诗行为例

1、Haply some hoary-headed swain may say…

(Gray)

haply = perhaps

或许鬓发斑白的情人会说……

2、Hard by, a cottage-chimney smokes.

(Milton)

hard by = very near

近处,村舍炊烟袅袅。

3、It was near the ringing of matin-bell,

The night was well nigh done.

(Scott)

nigh=almost

晨祷钟声即将响起,

黑夜几已消尽。

4、Sweet was the sound, when, oft at ev'ning's close…

(Goldsmith)

oft=often

常值黄昏临近,

此声最为温馨。

动词

behold(see,看),

brook(bear,容忍、忍受);

cleave(cling,依恋),

cumber(distress,trouble,烦累);

deem(think,认为);

fare(walk,行走);

hearken(hear,attend,倾听、给予注意),

hie(hasten,赶紧);

ken(know,知道);

list(listen,听见);

methink(seem to me,据我看来);

quaff(drink,痛饮),

quoth(said,说);

obscure(darken,使黑暗);

slay(kill,杀害),

smite(strike,重击),

sojorn(lodge or dwell,旅居),

speed(hasten,促进);

tarry(remain,逗留),

trow(believe,相信);

vanquish(conquer,征服);

wax(grow,渐增)

列举以下诗行为例:

1、Behold her, single in the field,

Yon solitary Highland lass!

(Wordsworth)

behold=see

看!那边的田野里,

苏格兰姑娘她独自一人。

2、Oh! Quickly string the harp,

I yet can brook to hear.

(Byron)

brook=bear

啊!快调好竖琴琴弦,

我还能耐心倾听。

3、Let not the dark thee cumber.

(Herrick)

cumber=distress

不要让黑暗使你疲累。

4、Him have we seen the greenwood side along,

While o'ver the heath we hied.

(Gray)

hie=hasten

当我们匆匆走过石南丛生的荒地,

我们在绿树丛边看见了他。

5、Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken.

(Coleridge)

ken=know

我们对人与兽一无所知。

6、And then methought it did appear a violet dropping dew.

(Byron)

methought=seemed to me

随即我以为,真降过一阵紫色的露珠。

7、Then changed, I trow, was that bold Baron's brow.

trow=believe

我相信,那勇敢男爵的表情已有变化。

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