英文诗歌用词、词法、句法(三)
副词 amain(violently,suddenly,猛然、突然), anon(soon,立刻); erst(formerly,往昔); full(very,完美的); haply(perhaps,或许), hard by(close or very near,在近旁); natheless(nevertheless,然而), nigh(almost,几乎); right(very,precisely,准确的); scantly(scantily,贫乏的), scarce(scarcely,刚刚), sore(sorely,痛苦的); whilom(formerly,从前) 列举以下诗行为例 1、Haply some hoary-headed swain may say… (Gray) haply = perhaps 或许鬓发斑白的情人会说…… 2、Hard by, a cottage-chimney smokes. (Milton) hard by = very near 近处,村舍炊烟袅袅。 3、It was near the ringing of matin-bell, The night was well nigh done. (Scott) nigh=almost 晨祷钟声即将响起, 黑夜几已消尽。 4、Sweet was the sound, when, oft at ev'ning's close… (Goldsmith) oft=often 常值黄昏临近, 此声最为温馨。 动词 behold(see,看), brook(bear,容忍、忍受); cleave(cling,依恋), cumber(distress,trouble,烦累); deem(think,认为); fare(walk,行走); hearken(hear,attend,倾听、给予注意), hie(hasten,赶紧); ken(know,知道); list(listen,听见); methink(seem to me,据我看来); quaff(drink,痛饮), quoth(said,说); obscure(darken,使黑暗); slay(kill,杀害), smite(strike,重击), sojorn(lodge or dwell,旅居), speed(hasten,促进); tarry(remain,逗留), trow(believe,相信); vanquish(conquer,征服); wax(grow,渐增) 列举以下诗行为例: 1、Behold her, single in the field, Yon solitary Highland lass! (Wordsworth) behold=see 看!那边的田野里, 苏格兰姑娘她独自一人。 2、Oh! Quickly string the harp, I yet can brook to hear. (Byron) brook=bear 啊!快调好竖琴琴弦, 我还能耐心倾听。 3、Let not the dark thee cumber. (Herrick) cumber=distress 不要让黑暗使你疲累。 4、Him have we seen the greenwood side along, While o'ver the heath we hied. (Gray) hie=hasten 当我们匆匆走过石南丛生的荒地, 我们在绿树丛边看见了他。 5、Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken. (Coleridge) ken=know 我们对人与兽一无所知。 6、And then methought it did appear a violet dropping dew. (Byron) methought=seemed to me 随即我以为,真降过一阵紫色的露珠。 7、Then changed, I trow, was that bold Baron's brow. trow=believe 我相信,那勇敢男爵的表情已有变化。 |