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流感集中爆发 flu outbreak

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随着秋季的到来,中国的几个省份都出现了甲型流感疫情的聚集爆发,而且疫情大多集中在刚开学的校园。

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Sixty-seven cases of A/H1N1 flu have been confirmed among students from 5 universities and colleges in the same neighborhood in Langfang, Hebei, the local department of public health said Sunday. 9 other provinces including Shandong, Sichuan and Guangdong have reported A/H1N1flu outbreaks Friday and Saturday, most of them among schools and colleges, according to Xinhua. No fatal or critical cases were reported so far.

河北省卫生厅6日称,河北省廊坊市大学城出现甲型H1N1流感聚集爆发疫情,目前已确诊67例甲流病例,涉及5所院校。另据新华社报道,从9月4日至5日,山东、四川、广东等9个省份报告甲型H1N1流感集中爆发病例,疫情大都发生在学校,目前尚无重症病例报告。

在上面的报道中,flu outbreak就是“流感集中爆发”。Outbreak指“(战争、情感、火山等的)爆发”或“(疾病、虫害等的)突然发生”。例如:an outbreak of measles是“麻疹爆发”,an outbreak of jealousy是“妒性大发作”。另外,outbreak还可指“暴乱”,如a slave outbreak是“奴隶暴动”。

最近甲型流感疫情的加重让和甲流相关的词汇又成了新闻聚焦的热点。流感流行初期主要是imported case(输入型病例),怀疑感染的对象是suspected case(疑似病例),确认感染后是confirmed case(确诊病例),感染人数在国内逐渐增加,于是又有了domestic flu case(流感“二代”病例)。接触过甲型流感病例的人会对其进行隔离,情况不严重者可实行home quarantine(居家隔离)。为了防止流感的扩散,国家自行研发了疫苗,即homegrown vaccine(本土疫苗)。

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