2008年职称英语考试概括大意和完成句子习题(十八)
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How We Form First Impression 1. We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her—aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits? 2. The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other make you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes information—the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming “signals” are compared against a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals “mean.” 3. If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe.” If you see someone new, it says, “new—potentially threatening.” Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known” memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I don’t like this person.” Or else, “I’m intrigued.” Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures—like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person.” But these preliminary “impressions” can be dead wrong. 4. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people—their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character—we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. 5. However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person’s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking—and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane. 练习： 1.Paragraph 2 _____ 2.Paragraph 3 _____ 3.Paragraph 4 _____ 4.Paragraph 5 _____ A. Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions B. Comment on First Impression C. Illustration of First Impression D. Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories E. Threatening Aspect of First Impressions F. Differences Among Jocks, Geeks and Freaks 5.Sensory information is one that is perceived through _____. 6.You interpret _____by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain. 7.The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to _____. 8.We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to _____. A. a stranger’s less mature type of thinking B. the most complex areas of our cortex C. the immature form of thinking of a very young child D. the meaning of incoming sensory information E. the sights and sounds of the world F. an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking |
