职称英语（理工类）辅导讲义（十四）
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第二十篇（165） Hacking （1）People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. 1.People usually regard computers as A.part of a network B.means of exchanging intelligence. C.isolated or personal machines. D.electronic machines. Some do-personal computers without an outside link, like someone's hideaway（隐蔽的） cabin in the woods.But just as most homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community-local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections. The computer network is a creation of the electronic age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust.It cannot work without trust.（2）A rogue（无赖） loose（为所欲为的） in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house.（3）He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change, distort or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory.He could even take control of the entire system by implanting his own instructions in the software that runs it.He could shut computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there. 2.Why does the writer mention “a thief” in the second paragraph? （单词推理） A.to show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief. B.to tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays. C.to demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves. D.to look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people. （3）He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change, distort or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory.He could even take control of the entire system by implanting his own instructions in the software that runs it.He could shut computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there. 3.According to the passage, all the damages listed below could be done by a hacker EXCEPT A.entering into computers illegally. B.creating many electronic-age terms. C.removing computer systems. D.going through computer systems.Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in, is more and more in the news ─ brainy kids vandalizing（肆意破坏） university records, even prank（搞恶作剧） about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters.A potential for disaster is building: a dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from payroll files（工资表）.A student sends out a “virus,” a secret and destructive command, over a national network.The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network ─ thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems.Such disastrous episodes have already occurred.（4） Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer.Fouling（破坏） a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. 4.By saying “Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer”, the writer means that（句子推理） A.some employees may erase information from payroll files. B.students who send out a virus may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers. C.some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems. D.some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails. （5）Yet neither business nor government has done enough to toughen its defenses against attack.For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication ─ the main reason for using computers in the first place. 5.The main reason why business or government has not taken tough measures to stop hacking is that A.they will cost too much money. B.communication may be interrupted. C.hacking has not caused much damage. D.tough measures are illegal. |
