托福口语中的词法和语法举例解析

托福口语有六道题目，虽然出题的结构不同，提问方式各异，但出题的方向是一致的，这六道口语题都注重考察学生口语表达能力，这种能力是讲解多少技巧，背诵多少模板都学不来的，只有通过练习，培养起学生对于语言的一种应用习惯才可以。然而，我们中国考生恰恰就是练习的太少了。如果老师告诉学生需要练习，但真的练习起来又觉得无从下手，收获不佳。今天我们就从语法方面重点讲解一下托福口语高分备考之路。

第一类 结构词汇—逻辑层次表达

老外表达口语非常注重表达的清晰度，所以，为了使听众能够听懂他们要表达的观点，他们会尽力说一些信号词。比如，我们会经常在托福听力中遇到这样的表达：

例句1

Since they were created underground and not from flowing surface water, not all these passageways have an opening to the outside world.

例句2

In fact, there is no evidence that flowing water has even gone in or out of the cave.

例句3

Also, in surface water, there is a weak acid, carbonic acid, not sulfuric acid but carbonic acid that helps dissolve the rock.

例句4

Well, by contrast, deserts and areas covered by ice and snow, these places have high albedo.

例句5

And clouds, in general, cloud also have high albedo.

例句6

At the same time, these clouds trap in some of Earth's heat.

结构性词汇非常多，需要考生在积累的同时能够应用到口语表达中……

第二类 重点句型

If之条件表达

If引导的条件句已经是我们用烂的句子结构了，但到了考场上很多考生会措手不及，if都忘记用，if条件句是很不错的句型，往往可以帮助我们换一种方法，来强调一下自己的观点，也可以填补时间上的空缺。

If that's true, it could have huge implications.

If the microorganisms near Antarctica really are responsible, perhaps we can accelerate the process somehow.

各种复合句型表达

复合句型是英语的半壁江山，我们经常会在口语表达中用到各种定语从句，主语从句，状语从句等，有些考生对这种句型已经烂熟于心，但在口语大考场上却排不上用场。

It’s the moving water itself that wears away at the rock and makes passageways.—主语从句

因果表达

Instead, many deaths and injuries in earthquakes result from falling objects and the collapse of buildings, bridges, and other structures.

Since they were created underground and not from flowing surface water, not all these passageways have an opening to the outside world.

对比表达

The walls are green, while the ceiling is white.

Well, by contrast, deserts and areas covered by ice and snow.

托福口语的备考理解语法是其一，学会应用是其二，最主要的是要烂熟于心，到时候才能本能的表达，让自己的口语拿到高分。