8、量词的使用: 由于英语中名词分可数与不可数,量词的使用也有区别: 修饰可数名词 (a) few / fewer / fewest many / more / most a great (good) many many a a number of the number of 既可修饰可数名词 也可修饰不可数名词 a lot of / lots of plenty of (time, money, people) 修饰不可数名词 (a) little / less / least much / more / most a great (good) deal of an amount of / amounts of the amount of 量词使用中应注意的几个问题: 1) 分清可数名词和不可数名词是前提; 2) 不要把量词的形式搞混淆了:下面哪个表达形式是对的? A. A lot students have come back from the summer holiday. B. A few of the students have come back from the summer holiday. C. A great many of students have come back from the summer holiday. D. Many a student has have come back from the summer holiday. E. The number of students have come back from the summer holiday. F. A number of students have come back from the summer holiday. 以上六个表达方式中只有F 是对的。为什么? A. a lot students → a lot of students B. a few of the students → a few students C. a great many of students → a great many students D. Many a student has come back from the summer holiday. E. The number of 表示数目,如:The number of the students in our class is 50. A number of 表示"一些","不少",认真对比一下,看出问题来了吗? 问多少钱、多少重量时用:How much…?问距离时用:How far is it from…to…? 9、单位词的使用 (1) 不可数名词表示多少,一般用much, (a) little, a lot of, enough 等词表达,要数1,2,3,4…时要用"量词"表达,最常用的是a piece of (news, advice, furniture, information…)。 (2) 成双成对的名词一般用复数,如:a pair of trousers (裤子) / scissors(剪刀) / glasses (spectacles)(眼镜) / pliers(钳子) (3) a couple of表示一对,或2-3…,如:a couple of days / people / things (4) 记住以下量词表达方式: a loaf (two loafs) of bread (一个(两个)面包) a burst of laughter(一阵笑声) a fit of anger / chill(一阵发怒 / 发冷) a game of chess (一盘棋) a lump of sugar (一块方糖) 10、其他应注意的数的表达形式 1)a three-year-old boy 比较The boy is three years old 2) five thousand people / several thousand people比较 thousands of people 表达具体数字时,thousand不加 "s",后面不加 "of "; ten, million, billion情况以此类推。 3) One-third of the students have passed College English Test Band IV. Two-thirds of the students have passed College English Test Band IV. One-third of the population in this area is living below the poverty line. (这个地区有1/3人口生活在贫困线以下。) 注意:几分之几的表达形式;动词的单复数由后面的名词数决定。 4) a looker-on 比较two lookers-on(旁观者) / a brother-in-law比较two brothers-in-law(姻亲兄弟) 5) my father, together with (along with / with / as well as my mother and brothers) 结构中,主语作单数处理,即my father 11、不定代词的数 英语中要对 "2 "这个数特别敏感: 1) 两个中一个、另一个: one , the other; 三个或三个以上中另一个:another / any one 2) 两个都:both; 两个都不:neither; 两个中任一个:either 3) 三个或三个以上都:all; 都不:none 4) 不知总数:一些:some ;另一些:others(有余数) 5) 知道总数:一些:some ; 另一些 (没有余数了):the others 注意以下表达方式:each other / one another / one after another / one by one / the other day (过去的某一天)/ some day (今后的某一天) / every other day (隔天)/ on alternative days(隔天)/ someone else (别人) / something (anything, nothing) else (别的事) 实例: I'm sorry, I'm a stranger, too. You may ask ______ across the street. A. another one B. others C. the other one D. someone else 解题思路:虽然A、B、C没有语法错误,但D是习惯表达方式. |