职称英语考试卫生B类模拟试题（一）c
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第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分） 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。 Why do people shrink? Did you ever see the movie Honey, I shrunk the kids? It's about a wacky dad (who's also a scientist) who accidentally shrinks his kids with his homemade miniaturizing invention. Oops! ____1____. For older people, shrinking isn't that dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place over years and may add up to only one inch or so off of their adult height (maybe a little more, maybe less), and this kind of shrinking can't be magically reversed, although there are things that can be done to stop it or slow it down. ___2___. There are a few reasons. As people get older, they generally lose some muscle and fat from their bodies as part of the natural aging process. Gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) take hold, and the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, may break down or degenerate, and start to collapse into one another. ___3___. But perhaps the most common reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis occurs when too much spongy bone tissue (which is found inside of most bones) is broken down and not enough new bone material is made. ___4___. Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured. Older people --especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with -- are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis shrinks a little bit. Did you know that every day you do a shrinking act? You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That's because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed (squeezed) due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don't worry, though. ___5___. A. They end up pressing closer together, which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter. B. Once you get a good night's rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you're standing tall again. C. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it's not being replaced. D. Luckily, there are things that people can do to prevent shrinking. E. The kids spend the rest of the movie as tiny people who are barely visible while trying to get back to their normal size. F. But why does shrinking happen at all? 第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分） 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live It's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it -- one in the US and one in Russia? If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point Was there in keeping these reserves? __1__reality, of course, it was naive to __2 __ that everyone would let __3__ of such a potent potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have__4__ vials. __5__ the last "official" stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia,__6__ no obvious gain. Now American researchers have __7__ an animal model of the human disease, opening the __8__for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So once again there's a good reason to__9__ the virus--just in __10__ the disease puts in a reappearance. How do we __11__ with the mistrust of the US and Russia? __12__. Keep the virus __13__ international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn't __14__the idea is wrong. If the virus __15__ useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity——not just a part of it. 词汇： smallpox n．天花 vial n．小瓶 auspices n．赞助；支持 cap vt．结束；覆盖 potent adj．有效力的；强有力的 mistrust n．不信任，怀疑 1． A) In B) On C) At D)For 2． A)know B) imagine C) realize D)be aware 3． A)to go B) going C) go D) went 4． A) much B) more C) most D) a few 5． A)And B) While C) Whereas D) Although 6． A)since B) for C) because D) of 7． A)looked for B) sought C) found D) talked about 8． A)method B) road C) street D) way 9． A)keep B) put C) destroy D) eradicate 10．A)need B) case C) necessity D) time 11．A)handle B) tackle C)deal D) treat 12．A) Difficult B) Hard C) Safe D) Simple 13．A) under B) in C) on D) for 14．A)say B) mean C) state D) declare 15．A) will be B) would be C) is D) are 第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. A. 分析：根据划线词后的介词搭配（with）判断答案A。furnish..with..= supply/provide..with../给..提供；gather n.集合，聚集vi.集合，聚集vt.使聚集；grasp vt./ n.抓住，掌握，领会；该句含义是“这个房间配备了最基本的物品：一张床、一把椅子和一张桌子。” 2. B. 分析：借助句意（当地的政府决定把两家公司合并成一家公司）判断B“（使）联合”是答案。Motivate v.激发；compact adj.紧凑的，紧密的，简洁的；nominate vt.提名，推荐，任命 3. B. 分析：该句含义是“他强调要制定出一个能够被双方都接受的可行计划”。feasible adj.可行的，切实可行的；favorable adj.赞成的，有利的，赞许的；genuine adj.真实的，真正的 4. C. 分析：depart vi.离开，起程，该词和C是近义词。pull out v.拔出，离开；pull up v.拔起，停下；pull down v.摧毁，推翻，使降低；pull in v.进站，靠岸 5. D. 分析：借助句意（因为管理着整个公司，他有时候得夜以继日地工作）判断D（管理）是答案。Evaluate vt.评价，估计； adjust vt.调整，调节，校准； engage vt.使忙碌，使从事于，使参加 vi.答应，从事 6. B. 划线词和四个被选项这5个动词都是C级应该掌握的常见词汇。其中除A以外，其余的被选项都可以跟动名词结构：quit doing.. = cease doing../停止...，continue doing../继续..，keep doing../一直…。该句的含义是“我们得要求他们停止说法以便所有在场的人都能清楚地听见我们的声音。” 7. A. 划线词和四个被选项这5个名词都是较为常见词汇。其中，scene是“现场，场面，情景，景色”；view是“景色，风景，观点，见解”；event是“事件”， landscape“风景，山水画，地形”。从句意（克朗代克河地区是人们迄今为止所知道的最大淘金热（发生地）之一）来看scene的含义是“地点”，所以答案是A。 8. A. 根据搭配—“...媒体报道”判断A（大量的，广大的，广阔的）合适。而借助mass 的含义(n.块，大多数，质量，群众，大量adj.群众的，大规模的，集中的)也可猜测出massive的含义与“大量的”有关，这样也能判断答案。Negative adj.否定的，消极的，负的； expensive adj.昂贵的； active adj.积极的，能起作用的。该句的含义是“她一直是许多媒体报道的对象。” 9. B. 根据搭配--“...的可能性”判断B（调查，研究）最合适。Reject vt.拒绝，抵制； propose vt.计划，建议，向...提议； postpone vt.推迟，使延期；该句的含义是“会议研究了进行更加紧密的贸易联系的可能性。” 10. B. 根据and的使用特点：前后结构对称，词义色彩一致，因此判断B（（平静的和）安静的）是答案。Rough adj.粗糙的，粗略的，大致的，粗暴的，汹涌澎湃的。该句的含义是“大海安静而又平静”。 11. B. 句子中出现了“In a bullfight（在斗牛中）..颜色”这样的结构和词语，因此猜测划线词所在的结构含义可能是“（刺激）牛”。因此判断B（使..兴奋）是答案。Confuse vt.搞乱，使糊涂；scare v.惊吓； satisfy vt.满足，使满意；该句的含义是“在斗牛比赛中，让牛兴奋的是物体的运动，而不是物体的颜色。” 12. D. comprise v.包含，由...组成; 该词和D（involve vt.包括）是近义词。absorb vt.吸收，吸引; concern vt.涉及，关系到n.(利害)关系，关心; exclude vt. 把...排除在外; 该句含义是“这个委员会是由5个人组成。” 13. A. assemble vt.集合，聚集，装配vi.集合；该词和A（ collect v.收集，聚集）是近义词。fix vt.使固定，装置，修理；assert v.断言，声称；assist v.援助，帮助；该句含义是“所有的人都在玛丽的房子里集合。” 14. B. 分析：根据句意（我们主要从书本上获得知识）判断B（获得）是答案。Deprive vt.剥夺，使丧失； descend vi.下来，下降； trace n.痕迹，踪迹，微量vt.描绘,追踪 15. C. 分析：该句含义是“我们都认为他是一个个性很活跃的人。”dynamic adj.动力的,动态的，生气勃勃的； active adj.积极的,现行的，活动的，活跃的；doubtful adj.可疑的，不确的； easy adj.容易的，舒适的，宽裕的，从容的adv.不费力的，轻松 第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑 解题技巧说明： 在解答阅读判断题，阅读理解题，以及完成句子题时都可以考虑采用“核心词/特征词定位”的方法。“核心词”是指在出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中的主句和从句中的主语和谓语部分的词语/结构（如果有宾语也可考虑宾语部分的词语/结构）。选取这些词语/结构的时候要考虑是否这些将被选择作为答案线索的词语和结构是标志“新信息”的内容，如果是，则可以选取；否者就考虑句子中其他结构中标志“新信息”的词语/结构。（注：“新信息”是在前面问题的内容中没有出现过的信息）如： 问题前句：1. According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government. 新信息 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 2. There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing irritated foods. 新信息 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 在选取直接作为线索词/结构的内容时还要注意“标志原则”，比如在第2题题干中选定“新信息内容”-- “a number of food processors（许多食物加工商）”，由于food processors的词义的特点是很可能在文章中直接出现的结构，所以考虑采用“food processors”作为直接答案线索，同时注意文章中是否出现了该结构的修饰结构“a number of”或“a number of”的语义相近的结构。 “特征词”是指在出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中表示“时间，人名，地名，组织机构名”等，在文章如果出现往往很容易就会被发现的词语/结构，因为这些结构总是以特殊的形式出现在文章中：“时间”—往往是以阿拉伯数字的形式出现；“人名，地名，组织机构名”—往往是以单词的首字母大写的形式出现。 另外，要求考生作出判断的句子中出现的修饰词，限制词（往往形容词/副词）可以直接考虑作为答案线索。在利用选出的词语/结构作为答案线索时要注意在文章出现的与这些词/结构含义相近的词语/结构。 1. A．分析：利用题干中的核心词Health workers作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句： There is increasing recognition of the need for health workers to continue their education throughout their careers. Not only do health workers themselves wish to improve their own skills and competence，but the introduction of new techniques and equipment and the changes taking place in health needs and health care policies necessitate （使…成为必要）continued training（该划线结构的含义与问题句的说法一致：都讲述到医疗工作者自己希望提高自己的技术和业务能力）. 2. B．分析：利用题干中出现的核心词Health needs 和health care policies作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：...，but the introduction of new techniques and equipment and the changes taking place in health needs and health care policies necessitate continued training. （划线结构的含义与题干不一致：前者是说“发生变化”，而后者是说“保持不变”） 3. A. 分析：该句内容特殊，有关对health care的定义，利用题干中的核心词health care作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：The phrase health care is intended to mean not just curative treatment for the sick but the whole range of provision for promoting health and preventing disease.（该句内容与问题句的内容一致：都是说“健康保健不仅仅意味着对病人进行的治疗”） 4. C．分析：利用题干中出现的特征词developing countries作为答案线索，这样发现文章中没有这个词出现，因此判断该题的说法为“没提到”。 5. C．分析：利用题干中出现的核心词Written materials作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：The form of the continuing education may be written materials (journals, books, advertisements), meetings, courses, supervisory visits, or a variety of other methods.（该句并没有谈到“是否书面材料是继续进行医疗教育的最佳形式”） 6. A。分析：利用题干中出现的核心词many countries作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：So it is natural that in many countries there is concern that more continuing education should be provided and that it should be more effective.（该句的句意与问题句的说法与问题句的说法一致） 7. B．分析：利用题干中出现的核心词system of continuing education作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：The approach suggested that to achieve this aim is to develop a system of continuing education. This term needs some explanation as it is capable of being interpreted in many ways. A system is not the same thing as an organization that provides continuing education. It is much more than that.（该划线句的内容与问题句的内容不一致：原文说“系统与组织不一样”，而问题句说“系统与组织的运行方式一样”） |
