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Suppose/Supposing (that) ...
結構︰Suppose/Supposing (that)+子句，S+V ...
說明︰此句型意為“如果…，假使…”。Suppose/Supposing (that) 引導假設條件句，其功能相當於 if。
Suppose/Supposing (that) we miss the train, what shall we do?
如果我們誤了火車，我們將怎麼辦? What if/Say ...
結構︰What if/Say+子句，S+V ...
說明︰此句型意為“假設…”。What if 和 Say 用來引導一個假設條件句，其義相當於 Let us suppose(讓我們假設)。
What if/Say he goes home before us and can’t get in? What will he do then?
假設他在我們之前趕到家而又進不去呢?那他怎麼辦呢?
What if/Say you were to run out of money? What would you do?
假設你的錢用完了呢?你將怎麼辦呢? With luck ...
結構︰With luck，+主要子句
說明︰With luck 為含蓄假設條件句(即不用 if 直接引導)。with luck 意為“如果幸運的話，如果運氣好的話”。
With luck, we’ll be there by tomorrow.幸運的話，我們明天將到達那兒。(=If we are lucky)
With luck, she will get the job. 如果幸運的話，她將得到那份工作。(=If she is lucky)
Given time ...
結構︰Given time，+主要子句
說明︰此為含蓄假設條件句(即不用 if 直接引導)。Given time 意為“(如果)給以時間的話”。
Given time, they will probably agree.給以時間的話，他們可能會同意。(=If they are given time/If we give them time) To hear him talk, ...
結構︰To hear him talk，+主要子句
說明︰此句型意為“聽某人談話(的口氣)…”。從形式上看，To hear him talk 似為不定式片語，但實則為含蓄條件句(即不用 if 直接引導)。To hear him talk 相當於 If you could hear him talk。
To hear him talk, you’d think he was Prime Minister.
聽他談話(那口氣)，你會以為他是首相呢。
To hear you talk, I’d think you were Prime Minister.
聽你談話(那口氣)，我還以為你是首相呢。 Without ..., S + V ...
結構︰Without …，+主要子句
說明︰此句型意為“如果沒有…”，是導致主要子句結果發生的必要條件。Without ... 為含蓄假設條件句，此用法在口語表達中最為常見。without 意為“(如果)沒有…的話”。Without 既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾，放在句首有強調作用。此外，如果主要子句用否定式，則和 without 構成雙重否定，表示特別強調 without 之後項為主要子句動作發生之必備條件。
Without your help, I couldn’t have done it.
(如果)沒有你的幫助，我是不會做成的。(=If you hadn’t helped me)
She can’t solve the problem without his help.如果)沒有他的幫助，她不可能解決這道題。
We can’t live without air or water.(如果)沒有空氣或水，我們就無法生存。
Fish cannot live without water.(如果)沒有水，魚兒就無法生存。
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