职称英语等级考试理工AB模拟题
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第1部分 词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分， 建议10分钟以内完成） 下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The committee comprises five persons. A) absorbs B)concerns C) excludes D)involves 2. We derive (B)knowledge mainly from books A)deprive (B) B) obtain C) descend D)trace 3. The room was furnished (B) with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table A)supplied B) gathered C)grasped D)made 4. The local government decided to merge (B)the two firms into a big one. A)motivate B) combine C)compact D)nominate 5. He emphasized a feasible (B)plan which can be accepted by the both sides. A)favorable B) possible C)formal D)genuine 6. When does the next train depart(B)? A)pull up B) pull down C)pull out D)pull in 7. Because administering (B)the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock. A)adjusting B) evaluating C)engaging D)managing 8. The town is notable (A)for its beautiful scenery in winter. A)similar B) prompt C)profound (B) D)famous 9.He is assigned to oversee (A)the production of the assembly lines. A)supervise B) watch C)suspect D)predict 10.Soldiers have to obey (A)orders. A)reply to B) apply for C)abide with (A) D)comply with (A) 11. The advertising company was surprised by the adverse(A) public reaction to the poster. A) delayed B)quick C) positive D) unfavorable 12. It is said that the house along the street will soon be demolished(A). A) pulled down B) rebuilt C) renovated D) whitewashed 13. In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive (A)analysis of the issue. A) extremely thorough B) long and strong C) crazy D) unconvincing 14. These are our motive (B)for doing it. A) reasons B) arguments C) targets D) stimulus (A) 15. Do you think there is any likelihood (A)of his agreeing to it? A) respect B) occasion C) prospect D) anticipation 第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共7分， 建议12分钟以内完成） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑 El Nino （厄尔尼诺现象） While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance．That would be good news for governments，farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world. Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures．The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature． The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C．Weare．a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis，who was not involved in the work，said it“suggests‘E1 Nino is indeed predictable．” “This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods．”said Weare．He added that the new method“makes it possible to predict El Nino at 1ong lead times．” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare said． The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance’．The 1997 El Nino，for example，caused an estimated$20 billion in damage worldwide，offset by beneficial effects in other areas，said David Anderson，of the European Centre for Medium．Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England．The 1877 El Nino，meanwhile，coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China。prompting the development of seasonal forecasting，Anderson said． When El Nino hit in 199 1 and 1997．200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone．according to a 2002 United Nations report． While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky．the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed． E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February．The warming tends to last between 9 and 1 2 months and occurs every two to seven years· The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible． E1 Nino n．厄尔尼诺现象 Equatorial adj．赤道的 Occurrence n．发生 Meteorologist n．气象学家 Offset v．抵销 Lead adj．提前的 Monsoon n．季风 Tricky adj．难以捉摸的 练习： 1．The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance． A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea—surface temperatures． A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrences． A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 4. Weare’s contribution in predicting E1 Nino，was highly praised by other meteorologists． A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 5. According to a Chinese report，the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1 99 1 and 1 997 affected 200 million Chinese people． A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 6. It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak． A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 7. A special institute has been set up in America to study E1 Nino． A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分，建议10分钟以内完成） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 难度B／A级 Blasts from the past 1 Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history．Not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out 1ife with greater ease． 2 Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions．Not a11 volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals，but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock．To his surprise，the older the massive volcanic eruptions were，the more damage they seemed to do． 3 Wignall calculated the“ killing efficiency ”for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion ．ion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced．He found that size for size，older eruptions were at least 1 0 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals． 4 The Permian extinction，for example，which happened 250 million years ago，is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe．Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide．The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time。And it took 5 million years for the planet to recover． 5 Yet 60 million years ago in the late Palaeocene there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but}Io mass extinction．Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years，“The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all。” Wignall says．He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous，。65 million years ago，because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid． ’ 6 Wignall thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of C02 ．Ocean chemistry may also have played a role．As the supercontinents broke up and exposed more coastline there may have been more weathering of silica rocks．This would have encouraged the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans。increasing me amount of C02 absorbed from the atmosphere． 7 Vincent Courtillot director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France，says that Wignall’s idea is provocative．But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations．He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted．And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years。 8 Courtillot also adds t11at it is difficult to estimate how much 1ava prehistoric volcanoes produced , and that 1ava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide emissions． 练习： 1．Paragraph 2 2．Paragraph 3 3．Paragraph 4 4．Paragraph 5 A Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B Association of Mass Extinctions with Volcanic Eruptions C Calculation of the Killing Power of Older Eruptions D A Mass Extinction E V_0lcanic Eruptions That Caused no Mass Extinction F Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions 5．Older eruptions were more devastating 6．The Permian extinction is used to illustrate 7．The cause of the extinction of dinosaurs 8．Courtillot rejects A than more recent ones B the killing efficiency for older eruptions C has remained controversial D Wignall’s calculations as acceptable E has been known to us all F his ideas |
