关系代词which,that,who的区别
之前,小编已经与大家一起学习了that, which, who, whom, whose, of which等关系代词的用法,但是它们之间,在用法上既有重合,又有冲突。恐怕不少人早已迷失在这些“剪不断理还乱”的关系代词中了。今天小编重点为大家梳理一下which/ that/ who用法的区别~~~ which VS that which和that都可指代物,有时候可以互换,有时却是“水火不容”: 一、只用that不能用which的情况: (1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时: The most important thing that we should do is to study hard. (2)被修饰的先行词为all/ any/ much/ many/ everything/ anything/ none/the one等不定代词时: Is there any thing that you want to buy?你有什么东西要买吗? (3)先行词被the only/ the very/ the same/the last/ little/ few等词修饰时: This is the same book that I lost.这就是我丢的那本书。 (3)先行词里同时含有人和物时: I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 (4)避免重复: Which is the pen that belongs to you?哪支笔是你的? (5)主句是there be结构: There is a pen on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那支笔是汤姆的。 二、只用which,而不用that的情况: (1)先行词为that/ those时: What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? (2)关系代词前有介词时: This is the city in which he lives.这是他生活的城市。 (3)引导非限制性定语从句: Tom passed the exam, which made us surprised.汤姆通过了考试,这使我们很惊讶。
that VS who 两者均可指人,有时可互换: All that /who heard the news were sad. 所有听到消息的人都很伤心。 He is the only one among us that/ who knows Spanish.他是我们中间唯一懂西班牙语的人。 一、只用that不能用who的情况: (1)当先行词指人又指物时: I remember the persons and pictures that I saw in the museum. 我记得在博物馆看到的那些人和图片。 (2)避免重复:: Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯? (3)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略): Jack is not the boy (that) he was ten years ago.杰克不再是十年前那个样子了。 二、只用who不能用that的情况: Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 所有违法的人都该受到惩罚。 (2)先行词为those且指人 : Those who break the law will be punished. 违法的那些人都会受到惩罚。 (3)在there be开头的句子中: (4)避免重复: (5)在非限制性定语从句中: |