高考书面表达怎样运用复杂结构和高级词汇

在平时的教学中,训练最多的,学生们也最习惯的是五种基本句型:①主语+谓语;②主语+谓语+宾语;③主语+谓语+间接宾语;④主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;⑤主语+谓语+宾语+补足语。用这些句型组织的句子单一、无生气,不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们提出了高难度的要求,我们怎样才能对书面表达进行科学的操作?怎样才能控制写作呢?本文拟就这一课题进行讨论,希望能给学生以启迪,调动积极性,开拓思维,培养创新精神。

首先,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色。

一、改变时态

例:The bell is ringing now.(一般)

There goes the bell! (高级)

二、改变语态

例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)

It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级)

三、使用不定式

例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般)

He is so kind as to help me.(高级)

四、使用过去分词

例:①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般)

Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级)

②Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)

Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高级)

五、使用V-ing形式

例:①When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般)

On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高级)

②If the weather permits, I'll come tomorrow.(一般)

I'll come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高级)

六、使用名词性从句

例:①It disappointed everybody that he didn't turn up.(一般)

The fact that he didn't turn up disappointed everybody.(高级)

②I happened to have met him.(一般)

It happened that I had met him.(高级)

③To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)

What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高级)

七、使用定语从句

例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般)

The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)

八、使用状语从句

例:①I won't believe what he says.(一般)

No matter what he says, I won't believe.(高级)

②If you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.(一般)

You can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six o'clock.(高级)

③If she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(一般)

Supposing that she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(高级)

九、使用虚拟语气