英译汉试题中常见的重要短语及典英译汉试题中常见的重要短语及典型句型(4)

例3：More and more Afro-Americans see him as a tricky enemy who has no more love for them than he has for the Congolese.

译文：越来越多的美国黑人认识到他是个诡计多端的敌人。他仇视美国黑人，正像他仇视刚果人民一样。(直译：…，他不爱美国黑人，正像他不爱刚果人一样。)

注释：not...any more than是no more...than的一种强调形式。

例如：

1) Jack is no more intelligent than John. (=Jack is not intelligent any more than John.)

杰克与约翰一样都不聪明。

2) A man can no more fly than a bird can speak. (=A man cannot fly any more than a bird can speak.) 人不会飞翔，就像鸟不会说话一样。

3) As a nation, the French are no more eager to 1earn about their wartime failings than are the Japanese. (=As a nation，the French are not eager to learn about their wartime failings any more than are the Japanese.)

作为一个国家，法国正如日本一样不积极地从他们的战争失败中吸取教训。

上述例句表明，no more...than并不表示比较，而是表示比喻，含有比喻意义的比较级用于否定时，than后面的从句不用否定式，但译成汉语时要用否定式。而与上述句型意义相反的是：no less...than，意为：“和……同样是……”。例如：

Human is no less an animal than a monkey is. 人和猴都是动物。

而no less than 的意思为：“简直是，实在是”，例如：

1) It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price. 如此索要高价，简直是敲诈。

2) It is no less than a scandal. 这实在是一件丑闻。

7.not nearly (=by no means，far from) 远不

例1: The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.

译文：食品供应将远远赶不上人口的增长，这就意味着我们在粮食的生产和购销方面正面临危机。

注：1) this是指上面提到的“到21世纪初世界人口将增加到60亿或70亿”。2) 又如：There are not nearly enough people here to do the job.(这里的人手远远不够承担这项工作。)

8.“更不用说”的表示法：

much less

still less

以上两短语引导的词组或从句，表示一种追加的否定，less是由little的比较级，所以这两个词组只能用于否定句中，可译为“更不用说，更不必说”。

to say nothing of

not to speak of

not to mention

let alone

这四个词组也意为 “更不用说”，也是一种追补的说法。但它们与much less和still less有所不同。这些词组可以随前一句的意思而定，即前一句是肯定，则追加的也是肯定意义；如果前一句是否定，则追加的是否定意义

例1：I could not agree to, much less participate in such proceedings.

译文：我不能同意这种行为，更谈不上参加这些行动了。

例2：He knows little of mathematics, and still less of chemistry.

译文：他几乎不懂数学，更不用说化学了。

例3：I did not even see him, still less (= much less) shake hands with him.

译文：我看也没有看见过他，哪里还谈得上同他握手呢?

例4：In old China, here was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry.

译文：在旧中国，几乎没有什么机器制造工业，更不用说电子工业了。

例5：Sally takes singing and dancing lessons, to say nothing of swimming and tennis lessons.

译文：莎莉学了唱歌和舞蹈课，而且还学了游泳和网球课。

例6：At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life, not to speak of luxuries.

译文：那时他连普通生活都不能维持，更不要说奢侈品了。

例7：They have three fine sons, not to speak of their two 1ovely daughters.

译文：他们有了三个好儿子，而且还有两个可爱的女儿。

例8：I don"t know algebra or geometry，not to mention calculus.

译文：我连代数、几何都不懂，更不必说微积分了。

例9：A11 they have to do is press a button，and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.

译文：他们所要做的只是按一下电钮，就能看到各种戏剧、电影、歌剧和各式各样的演出，而且还能看到各种政治辩论和最近举行的激动人心的足球赛。