词义的引申

在英汉互译中，有时会遇到某些词在词典上难以找到贴切具体上下文的词义，如生搬硬套，译文往往语意不清，甚至导致误解。在这种情况下，需要根据上下文和逻辑关系，从该词固有的基本含义出发，进一步加以引申。例如：

1) We have an interest for your athletic goods.

2) To cover our shipment, we would request you to establish a commercial letter of credit in our favour for the contracted amount through an American Bank.

3) We enclose a list showing our present availabilities.

4) The arrivals do not conform to the sample. You must have shipped the wrong parcel.

5) It is one of the most useful of the household conveniences.

6) We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.

7) Oil prices came tumbling down, brightening the outlook for inflation and helping to touch off a rally on Wall Street.

以上七个句子中"interest"，"shipment"，"availabilities"，"arrivals"，"conveniences"，"one-way street"，和"Wall Street"，如查词典，它们的基本含义可分别是“兴趣”、“装运（的货）”、“可得到的东西”、“到达（的东西）”、“便利（设施）”、“单行道”和“华尔街”。如果将这些词义直接放入译文，显然不能充分表达原文的含义，故需进一步引申。