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“单词拼写”解题技巧点拨

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近年来,全国各地中考试题中普遍采用了“单词拼写”这个题型,它要求考生根据汉语注释、所给单词的首字母或根据句意完成单词。这种题型是融词法、句法、语义、词形于一体的综合运用语言知识的主观性测试题,突出考查学生的语言运用能力。同学们除熟记单词、强化对单词拼写题的训练外,掌握其应试的解题方法和技巧也是很重要的。下面结合2001年中考试题,谈谈单词拼写题的解题技巧。

一、考查单词的拼写能力
1.The new boy had so many strange questions that his teacher didn’t u ____ him.
2.People use____ (现代的)machines to do much work.
3.There are 31days in____ (八月).
(Key:1.understand 2.modern 4.August)

[点拨]这类题所考查的词一般较长,无词形变化,主要考查同学们的记忆和拼写能力。

二、考查词形变化和语法知识的运用能力
5.Nearly two weeks has____ (过去)since he went there.
6.Who is a bit____ (瘦),Lily or Lucy?
7.He sings English songs very ____ (好).
8.Can you answer the____ (第三个)question in English?
9.Two bridges were____ (建造)across the Ganjiang River a few years ago.
10.Jane liked the two beautiful dictionaries very much,but she ____ (买)neither.They were both too expensive for her.
11.It will be____ (多云的)tomorrow,won’t it?
12.In autumn the ground is often covered with fallen l ____ after a strong wind.
13.Dick preferred singing to____ (跳舞). 
14.The shop sells(妇女)handbags.
(Key:5.passed 6.thinner 7.well 8.third 9.built 10.bought 11.cloudy 12.leaves 13.dancing 14.women’s) 

[点拨]这类词的考查,要求同学们根据句意、语法知识及结构,分析要用什么形式。其解题步骤为: 

首先,要认真阅读全句,正确理解句意,虽然题中有可能已给出应填词的汉意,但英语与汉语并不是永远能一一对等的,因此正确理解全句有利于准确判断应填的单词。

第二,要分析应填词充当的句子成分,正确判断应填词的词性。

第三,要判断所填词应采用的正确词形。若为名词,应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式;若为动词,应注意人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式;若为修饰语,应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词,而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词;若为代词,注意代词的各种形式;若为形容词、副词,应注意等级变化。

三、考查近义词语的辨异与英汉语言之间的区别
15.How long may I ____ (借)thebook?
16.The boy drew a big elephant____ (用) his pencil.
17.How long will it____ (花费)you to build the new building?
18.They went ____ (穿过)the forest and reached the small village.
19.He won’t do it.I won’t do it,____ (也).
(Key:15.keep 16.with17.take 18.through 19.either)〖点拨〗同样意思的词有时会有多个,而到底哪个最切题意、最符合英语习惯呢?一是需要同学们平时掌握好近义词语的用法和英汉两种语言的差异;二是要从句子结构入手判断该词在句中的作用。

四、考查有关常识的掌握情况
20.S ____ 10th is Teachers’Day.
21.C ____ is spoken by the largest number of people in the world .
22.People in England use Mr ,Mrs or Miss with the f ____ name.
23Canada is on the n ____ of the USA.
(Key:20.September 21.Chinese 22.family 23.north)

[点拨]这类题目要求同学们不要读死书,要注意积累课外知识。

最后,还要提醒大家要正确、工整地拼写出单词。不要因为书写时字迹潦草或不规范而丢分。

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