|
there be结构作为初中的一个重点句型，在教育部新颁布的《英语课程标准》中，作为简单句的基本句型列入其中，在各地中考试卷中也频频亮相。
考点一：对there be基本理念的考查
1.—What did you see on the desk then?
—There ________ a bottle of orange.
[03北京宣武区]
A. was B. were C. has D. had
2. There ________ an English film here tomorrow. [04武汉]
A. has B. is going to be C. will have
3. There used to have few tall buildings around our village. (找错并改正)
A B C D
[03陕西]
4.—What’s on the plate?
—There ________ some bread on it.
[03吉林]
A. is B. are C. has D. have
[扫描1]
根据句子的时间状语或上下文暗示、衔接等，在初中阶段be的形式不外乎有这么几种：
①现在时(is / are)、过去时(was / were)、将来时(will be)、完成时(have / has / had been)；
②可以与情态动词连用，组成there +情态动词+be的形式，表推测语气；
③可与seem, appear, used to等状态词连用，构成there seems / appears / used to be...；
答案要点：
1.题中的问句用了过去时，又因为答语中为“一瓶桔子汁”，故答案为A。
2.题中有一个表示将来的tomorrow，又因为there be的形式中不能用助动词have，故答案为B。
3.题错误之处为C，应改为be。
4.题中some bread为不可数名词，应选A。
考点二：考查there be句型的临近一致性
1. There ________ a pencil on the desk and you may use it. [03北京石景山区]
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2. There ________ two knives in the pencilbox. [03哈尔滨]
A. are B. be C. is D. am
3. There ________ a pair of shoes under the bed. The shoes ________ mine. [04兰州]
A. is；are B. is；is C. are；is D. are；are
[扫描2]
be的形式受后面靠近它的主语在人称和数上的制约，必须采取就近原则，与临近的主语保持一致，必须看清楚there后跟的是可数名词，还是不可数名词。还必须注意既有可数名词又有不可数名词的时候，be的形式的临近一致性。如:There is a bag of rice, two baskets of apples and three people under the tree.
答案要点：
1. a pencil为可数名词单数形式，可从A、C中选，又从and you may use it可以得出，选择A。
2.句中有two knives，名词复数，故选A。
3. a pair of修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词要用单数形式，而shoes是可数名词复数，故答案为A。
考点三：考查there be和have/has表示“有”的含义时的区别
1. There ________ two pictures on the wall.
[03北京大兴区]
A. is B. have C. are D. has
2. There ________ a football game in our school next week. [03新疆生产建设兵团]
A. has B. is going to be C. have D. is going to have
3. There________ a football match on TV this evening. [04陕西]
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
4. There is going to have a football match next Friday afternoon.
A B C D
(找错并改正)[04南京]
[扫描3]
英语中表示“有”的含义时可以用there be句型,也可以用have/has(got)表达，但二者在用法上有根本的区别：
there be句型表示存在，即某处有某物；have/has (got)表示所有、拥有，即某人(物)有……。如：
They have a beautiful home.
I’ve got an idea.
在there be句型中be的形式不能用have/has替代。
答案要点：根据以上分析可得：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B(应把have改成be)
考点四：考查there be的反意疑问句
1. There is a beautiful clock on the wall, ________? [03桂林]
A. isn’t there B. is there C. isn’t it D. doesn’t it
2. There is little milk in the bottle, ________? [03广东]
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t there D. is there
3. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, ________ ________?(完成反意疑问句) [03哈尔滨]
[扫描4]
there be句型的反意疑问句必须用there进行反问，这时需要注意的是there be句型中是否有seldom, hardly, little, few, no, nothing, nobody之类的否定词或半否定词，若有，则该部分应看成是否定的，反意疑问部分必须用肯定式。如果there be中带有否定的前缀的词，则该部分应看成肯定式，反意疑问部分仍要用否定形式。如: There was an unusual bike under the tree, wasn’t there?
答案要点：根据扫描4可得，1. A 2. D 3. was there | 
