Present Perfect现在完成时
|
The present perfect tense has a number of uses. 现在完成时态有许多使用方法。 1 We use it to talk about experience. 1 我们使用它讨论经验 • I’ve worked in 6 different countries.• Have you ever been to Australia? • She’s won many awards for her books. When these things happened is not important – the focus is on the action/state, not when it happened. 这些事情什么时候发生的并不重要，关键是现在的状态，而不是什么时候发生的。 If we say when we had the experience, we must use the past simple. 当我们说我们什么时候有的这个经验，我们必须使用一般过去时。 • I’ve visited Russia several times.• BUT I visited Russia for the first time in 1992. We can never use the present perfect with a time in the past. 在有过去的时间时，我们不能用现在完成时。 • I have been to Spain in 2002.2 We also use the present perfect to talk about things that are unfinished – unfinished states and unfinished time periods. 我们也用现在完成时表述未完成的事情——未完成的状态和未结束的时间区间 • I’ve known him since I was 11. (unfinished state)I met him when I was 11. I still know him now. The present perfect is acting as a bridge between the past and the present. 当我11岁时，我见到他。我现在仍然知道他。现在完成时就像一个过去和现在的桥梁。 • I’ve had this watch for almost thirty years.• We’ve lived here since I was a boy. • She’s been to the cinema three times this week. (unfinished time period) This week isn’t finished yet – she may go to the cinema again. 本周还没有结束——她可能还会去电影院。 • We’ve already had two holidays this year.• I’ve eaten too much today. 3 A third use of the present perfect is to show the present result of a past action 3 现在完成时的第3个用法是展示过去行为的现在结果。 • I’ve lost my keys.He lost his keys some time in the past but the result – he can’t get into his house – is in the present. 他过去某段时间丢了钥匙，但结果是在现在——他不能进入房间。 • John’s broken his leg and he can’t go on holiday.• A storm has blown down the telephone lines. We’re stuck here! |
