乡下公鸡打鸣太吵？法国：“感官遗产”要保护

乡下空气清新，水质好，但是伴随而来的是一大早被公鸡打鸣吵醒的烦恼，随处可见的牲畜粪便，农场传出的阵阵臭味……面对外来者和度假者的抱怨，法国政府通过了一项新法规来保护乡村的“感官遗产”，意思很明显：既然你要来乡下住，你就得忍受乡下的一切。

From crowing roosters to the whiff of barnyard animals, the “sensory heritage” of France’s countryside will now be protected by law from attempts to stifle the everyday aspects of rural life from newcomers looking for peace and quiet.

从公鸡的打鸣声到农场动物的臭味，从现在开始，法国乡村的“感官遗产”将受到法律保护，阻止新近搬到乡村居住的人为了寻求平和宁静对乡村日常生活的方方面面进行压制。

French senators on Thursday gave final approval to a law proposed in the wake of several high-profile conflicts by village residents and vacationers, or recent arrivals derided as “neo-rurals”.

在村民和度假者或刚入住的“新村民”之间发生了几起引人注目的纠纷案件后，法国参议院本周四（1月21日）最终批准了这项法律。

A rowdy rooster named Maurice, in particular, made headlines in 2019 after a court in western France rejected a bid to have him silenced by neighbours who had purchased a holiday home nearby.

2019年，一只名叫莫里斯的吵闹公鸡登上了新闻头条。法国西部的一家法院驳回了邻居让其安静的诉讼请求。起诉者在养鸡人家附近购买了一处度假屋。

"Living in the countryside implies accepting some nuisances,” Joël Giraud, the government’s minister in charge of rural life, told lawmakers.

法国政府管辖乡村生活的部长乔尔·吉劳德告诉立法者说：“在乡下居住意味着要忍受一些不便。”

Cow bells (and cow droppings), grasshopper chirps and noisy early-morning tractors are also now considered part of France’s natural heritage that will be codified in its environmental legislation.

牛铃声（还有牛粪）、蚱蜢叫声、清晨拖拉机的轰鸣声如今也被视为法国自然遗产的一部分，将被编入法国的环境法规中。

"It sends a strong message,” said Pierre-Antoine Lévi, the senator who acted as rapporteur for the bill. “It can act as a useful tool for local officials as they carry out their educational and mediation duties.”

该法案的报告人、参议员皮埃尔-安托万·利维说：“这一法律传达出一条强烈的讯息。当地官员在开展教育和调解工作时可以将其作为一个有用的工具。”

rapporteur [ˌræpɔːrˈtɜːr]: n. （受组织指定的）会务报告人，调查员

The law is emblematic of growing tensions in the countryside between longtime residents and outsiders whose bucolic expectations often clash with everyday realities.

该法律揭示着乡村地区的常住居民和外来者之间日益紧张的关系。这些外来者的田园梦想常常和日常的现实生活发生冲突。

bucolic [bjuːˈkɑːlɪk]: adj. 牧歌的；牧羊的；乡下风味的

Corinne Fesseau and her rooster Maurice became the image of the fight when she was brought to court by pensioners next door over the bird’s shrill wake-up calls.

住在科琳娜·菲索隔壁的退休邻居因为她饲养的公鸡莫里斯尖锐的报晓鸣叫声而把菲索告上了法庭。菲索和莫里斯的合照成了这场官司的代表性图片。

Critics saw the lawsuit as part of a broader threat to France’s hallowed rural heritage by outsiders and city dwellers unable or unwilling to understand the realities of country life.

批评人士认为，这起诉讼案件代表无法或不愿理解乡村生活现实的外来者和城市居民给法国神圣的乡村遗产带来的广泛威胁。

Thousands of people signed a “Save Maurice” petition, and a judge eventually upheld the cock-a-doodle-doos.

数万人签署了“救救莫里斯”请愿书，法官最后判决莫里斯可以继续啼叫。

In another case from 2019, a woman in the duck-breeding heartland of the Landes region was brought to court by a newcomer neighbour fed up with the babbling of the ducks and geese in her back garden.

在2019年的另一起案件中，一名住在法国朗德中心地带养鸭区的女子被新来的邻居告上了法庭。邻居表示受够了她后花园里鸭鹅的叫声。

A court in south-west France also threw out that case.

法国西南部的一家法院也驳回了这一诉讼请求。