|
本文由赵彦春教授授权爱思英语发布，转载请注明出处和作者 英语巴士网推出全新栏目《佳作欣赏》，旨在为各位网友提供互相、探讨、交流的平台。《佳作欣赏》主要设置以下子栏目：英文写作，英汉互译，方法，人生感悟。除英文写作以外，其余子栏目中英文皆可。如果您有好的作品，请向我们推荐。原创优先，转载作品请注明作者及出处。爱思，因你而精彩；爱思，大家的平台！ 学习学习 在线投稿：http://www.engbus.cn/custom/add.html 典故英译更应信达雅。信，当不悖原旨；达，可直入心扉；雅，当圆满调和。大家看看以下用典英译是否达到信达雅标准。
2012年：“入则恳恳以尽忠，出则谦谦以自悔”
【出处】出自元代张养浩《为政忠告》书，又名《三事忠告》之《庙堂忠告·献纳第九》一章。原文为“臣之於君也，入则恳恳以尽忠，出则谦谦以自悔，凡所白於上者，不可泄於外而伐诸人，善则归君，过则归己。”
【释义】臣是为君的，为官则要勤勤恳恳以尽忠，离任则要恭恭谦谦以自省，凡是明白上面说的，不要有错泄愤于地方官怪罪别人，应该要把功劳归结于君，过错归结于自己。
【英译】Officials should serve as loyal as they can conscientiously when they are in office and engage in modest self-reflection when their terms end.
In office, I'd serve the lord with all my best; When retired, all I have done I'd introspect
2011年：“召远在修近，闭祸在除怨”
【出处】出自《管子·版法》，节选自“法天合德，象法无亲，参于日月，佐于四时。悦在施，有众在废私，召远在修近，闭祸在除怨。修长在乎任贤，高安在乎同利”。
【释义】召远：招纳远方的人；修：整治；近：指国内；闭：堵塞；除怨：消除民怨。要招纳远方的人们，就要先整治好国内；要避免祸乱的发生，在于消除人怨。
【英译】To win distant friends, one needs, first of all, to have good relations with his neighbors. To avoid adversity, one needs to ease animosity.
To win over people afar, you should befriend those close at hand; to avoid disasters, you should appease those in hatred.
2010年：“时进则进，时退则退，动静不失其时”
【出处】语出《彖传》。原文为：“艮，止也。时止则止，时行则行，动静不失其时，其道光明。艮其止，止其所也。上下敌应，不相与也。是以不获其身，行其庭不见其人，无咎也。” 《彖传》为易传中的一部分，是解释六十四卦卦辞的。
【释义】该静止的时候，必须要静止；该行动的时候，必须要行动。不论是静止，还是行动，都要掌握好时机。
【英译】Timing is essential in deciding at what time one should act and at what time one should stay put.
Go ahead with the tide; retreat when at ebb. Act or stay up at the right time.
2009年：“取火莫若取燧，汲水莫若凿井”
【出处】西汉初年淮南王刘安等编著《淮南子·卷六览冥训》“河九折注于海，而不绝者，昆仑之输也，潦水不泄，瀇瀁极望，旬月不雨则涸而枯泽，受瀷而无源者。譬若羿请不死之药于西王母，姮娥窃以奔月，怅然有丧，无以续之。何则？不知不死之药所由生也。是故乞火不若取燧，寄汲不若凿井。 ”
【释义】指求取火种不如自己去使用打火的燧石，想得到水不如自己去凿井。不要单纯地想获得结果，而要学会如何获得。
【英译】But we know full well that we would better fetch a flint than beg for lightwood and we would better dig a well for ourselves than beg for water from others.
Rather acquire a flint than borrow a fire; Rather dig up a well than beg for water.
2008年：“周虽旧邦，其命惟新” “如将不尽，与古为新”
【出处】前者出自《诗经·大雅》，后者出自唐司空图《诗品》。
【释义】“周虽旧邦，其命惟新”大意是“周朝虽然是旧的国家，但却禀受了新的使命”；“如将不尽，与古为新”原文说的是文艺创作中的体会，说大自然美景难以穷尽，只要深入体察，就能不断创新诗境。
【英译】Though the Zhou Dynasty is old, it takes on new missions. If we learn from the past, which is an inexhaustible source, we can get something new.
Zhou, the regime so old, strives for something new. There's no limit of resources, and one can make something new from the old.
2007年：“名为治平无事，实有不测之忧”
【出处】这一古语出自宋代苏轼的《晁错论》，原文是“天下之患，最不可为者，名为治平无事，而其实有不测之忧。”
【释义】天下看起来太平和谐，实际上正是危机四伏的时候。
【英译】A country that appears peaceful and stable may encounter unexpected crises.
What seems at peace on surface may harbor a peril underneath.
2006年：“思所以危则安，思所以乱则治，思所以亡则存”
【出处】《新唐书·魏征传》
【释义】意思是告诫人们要增强忧患意识，居安思危。
【英译】To think about where danger looms will ensure our security; to think about why chaos occurs will ensure our peace; and to think about why a country falls will ensure our survival.
Keeping on guard against danger leads to safety; Being wary of chaos leads to order.
2005年：“居安思危，思则有备，有备无患”
【出处】《左传·襄公十一年》
【释义】生活安宁时要考虑危险的到来，考虑到了这一点就要为危险而做准备，事先有了准备，等到事发时就不会造成悲剧了。
【英译】At times of peace, we should think of the potential dangers; when we do so, we will be fully prepared; when we are fully prepared, there will be no troubles to worry about.
When safe think of danger, and when you think, you are prepared, and when you are prepared, there will not be trouble.
2004年：“路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索”
【出处】出自屈原的名作《离骚》。原句为“朝发轫于苍梧兮，夕余至乎县圃；欲少留此灵琐兮，日忽忽其将暮；吾令羲和弭节兮，望崦嵫而匆迫；路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。”
【释义】在追寻真理方面，前方的道路还很漫长，但我将百折不挠，不遗余力地去追求和探索。
【英译】The way ahead is long; I see no ending, yet high and low I will search with my will unbending. （杨宪益译）
The way is long and arduous, and I will search up and down.
2003年：“苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之”
【出处】出自晚清民族英雄林则徐《赴戍登程口占示家人》一诗。
【释义】全心全意追求国家的利益，不会因为个人安危逃避责任。全诗：力微任重久神疲，再竭衰庸定不支。苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之。谪居正是君恩厚，养拙刚于戍卒宜。戏与山妻谈故事，试吟断送老头皮。
【英译】If what I do serves the interests of my country, I will go at it even at the cost of my own life, I will not shy away from doing it be it weal or woe for me.
If I can serve the state, I have no life to spare; How dare I care about weal and woe? | 
