《美国人饮食指南》:吃素更健康
|
爱思英语编者按：在2011年1月31日揭晓的2010年《美国人饮食指南》中，强调了素食与纯素食的好处，给了植物性营养理所应得的显著地位。
New U.S. Dietary Guidelines Emphasize Plant-Based Foods The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, unveiled January 31, 2011, take a major leap forward, highlighting the benefits of vegetarian and vegan diets. The Dietary Guidelines --issued by the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Health and Human Services every five years -- are the blueprint for all federal nutrition programs, including school meals. http://www.engbus.cn英语巴士网 在2011年1月31日揭晓的2010年《美国人饮食指南》往前飞跃了一大步，强调了素食与纯素食的好处。美国农业部和卫生及公共服务部每5年发出的饮食指南是所有联邦营养计划，包括学校膳食的蓝图。http://www.engbus.cn英语巴士网 The new guidelines sing the praises of plant-based diets: "Vegetarian-style eating patterns have been associated with improved health outcomes -- lower levels of obesity, a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, and lower total mortality. Several clinical trials have documented that vegetarian eating patterns lower blood pressure." 最新的指南颂扬植物性饮食：“素食风格饮食习惯已是与良好的健康结果相关的 —— 肥胖程度较低、心血管疾病风险降低、和总死亡率较低。一些临床试验已证明了素食饮食习惯降低血压。” The guidelines then devote two full pages to vegetarian and vegan nutrition, showing exactly how to pull a healthy diet together. Vegetarian diets may include dairy products and eggs, while vegan diets avoid all animal products and are associated with the lowest risk of overweight and diabetes. 然后这指南提供两整页给素食和纯素食营养来显示究竟如何组合一个健康的饮食。素食饮食可以包括乳制品和鸡蛋，但是纯素食避免所有动物食品，并且是与超重和糖尿病的最低风险有相关的。 The new guidelines resonate partially with PCRM's own nutrition recommendations, represented graphically in The Power Plate, and presenting whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and legumes as dietary staples. 新的指南是与责任医药内科医生委员会（PCRM）自己的营养建议有部分的共鸣，这些建议是用“强健餐碟”图形来表示，介绍了全谷物（粗粮）、蔬菜、水果、和荚果为饮食中的主食。 The guidelines are far from perfect, however. Like previous versions, they speak in "code." That is, they specifically name foods to eat more of (e.g. fruits and vegetables). But when it comes to foods people need to eat less of (e.g. meat and cheese), the guidelines use biochemical terms instead of listing specific foods, apparently out of fear of upsetting food producers. That is, the guidelines call for limiting "cholesterol" and "saturated fat." 但是这指南还不很完美，就像过去的版本，它用“代码”来解释，就是说，它明确地指定要多吃的食品（如水果和蔬菜）。但谈到人们要少吃的食品（如肉类和奶酪）时，它用生化用语而不是列出明确的食品，显然是怕食品生产商不高兴，就是说，这指南提倡控制“胆固醇”和“饱和脂肪。” Similarly, while dairy products account for more than 30 percent of the saturated ("bad") fat in the American diet, the Dietary Guidelines disguise this fat by splitting dairy products into many categories, including cheese (8.5 percent), butter (2.9 percent), whole milk (3.4 percent), reduced-fat milk (3.9 percent), dairy desserts (5.6 percent), and pizza (5.9 percent), so their contribution to ill health is harder to see. 同样地，虽然乳制品占了美国人饮食里超过30%的饱和（坏）脂肪，但是这饮食指南把乳制品分到很多种类，包括奶酪（8.5%）、黄油（2.9%）、全脂牛奶（3.4%）、低脂牛奶（3.9%）、乳制品甜点（5.6%）、及比萨（5.9%）来掩饰这种脂肪，所以更难看出它们对健康带来的损害。 The new guidelines also continue to give undue emphasis to dairy products, downplaying more healthful sources of calcium, such as green leafy vegetables and beans. This, despite studies clearly showing that children who get calcium from foods other than dairy products have totally normal bone development and other studies showing that older adults who drink milk have no protection from osteoporosis-related fractures. Despite these signs that food politics continue to work their mischief in the Dietary Guidelines, the current iteration is the best yet, giving plant-based nutrition a place of well-deserved prominence. http://www.engbus.cn英语巴士网 最新的指南也继续过分地强调乳制品，而不重视更加健康的钙来源，比如绿叶蔬菜和豆类。尽管有研究明确地显示从非乳制品食品中摄取钙的儿童有完全正常的骨骼发育，并且有其它研究显示喝牛奶的老年人不能防止骨质疏松症相关的骨折，食品政治继续把它们的恶作剧包括在饮食指南里，目前的版本仍然是最好的，给了植物性营养理所应得的显著地位。http://www.engbus.cn英语巴士网 |
