词汇辅导:学点构词法(三)
b) 表示具体的事物 manual, signal, editorial, journal 4)?? -ance, -ence表示"性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度" endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience 5)?? -ancy, -ency, 表示"性质,状态,行为,过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency, 6)?? -bility, 表示"动作,性质,状态" possibility, feasibility, 7)?? -craft, 表示"工艺,技巧" woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策) 8)?? -cracy, 表示"统治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy 9)?? -cy, 表示"性质,状态,职位,级别" bankruptcy(破产),supremacy 10) -dom, 表示"等级,领域,状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom 11) -ery, -ry, 表示"行为,状态,习性" bravery, bribery, rivalry 12) -ety, 表示"性质,状态" variety, dubiety(怀疑) 13) -faction, -facture, 表示"作成,……化,作用" satisfaction, manufacture 14) -hood, 表示"资格,身份, 年纪,状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood 15) -ice, 表示"行为,性质,状态" notice, justice, service 16) -ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine 17) -ing, 表示"动作的过程,结果" building, writing, learning 18) -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程,结果,状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction 19) -ise, 表示"性质,状态" exercise, merchandise(商业) 20) -ism, 表示"制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 21) -ity, 表示"性质,状态,程度" purity, reality, ability, calamity 22) -ment, 表示"行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument 23) -mony, 表示"动作的结果,状态" ceremony, testimony 24) -ness, 表示"性质,状态,程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 25) -or, -our, 表示"动作,性质,状态" favor, error, 26) -osity, 表示"动作,状态" curiosity 27) -ship, 表示"情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业" hardship, membership, friendship 28) -th, 表示"动作,性质,过程,状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 29) -tude, 表示"性质,状态,程度" latitude, altitude(海拔) 30) -ure, 表示"行为,结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续), 31) -y, 表示"行为的结果,状态,性质" glory, history, victory, inquiry (3) 带有场所,地方的含义 1)?? -age, 表示"住所,地点" village, cottage 2)?? -ary, 表示"住所,场地" library, granary (谷仓) 3)?? -ery, ry, 表示"工作场所,饲养所,地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室) 4)?? -ory, 表示"工作场所,住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory (4) 带有学术,科技含义 1)?? -grapy, 表示"……学,写法" biography, calligraphy, geography 2)?? -ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics 3)?? -ology, 表示"……学……论" biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 4)?? -nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学) 5)?? -ery, 表示"学科,技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery 6)?? -y, 表示"……学,术,法" photography, philosophy (5) 表示人和事物的总和,集合含义 1)?? -age, baggage, tonnage 2)?? -dom, newspaperdom(新闻界) 3)?? -hood, neighbourhood, womanhood 4)?? -ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁) 5)?? -ure, legislature, judicature (6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义 1)?? -ant, ent, solvent, constant 2)?? -al, signal, pictorial(画报) 3)?? ar, collar, pillar(石柱) 4)?? - er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker 5)?? -ery, drapery(绸缎) 6)?? -ing, clothing, matting, 7)?? -ment, instrument, equipment, attachment (7) 表示"细些?的含义 1)?? -cle, particle, 2)?? -cule, molecule(分子) 3)?? -el, parcel 4)?? -en, chicken, maiden 5)?? -et, pocket, ticket 6)?? -etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文) 7)?? -kin, napkin 8)?? -ling, duckling, 9)?? -let, booklet 10) -y, baby, doggy 3. 形容词后缀 (1) 带有"属性,倾向,相关"的含义 1)?? -able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible 2)?? -al, natural, additional, educational 3)?? -an, ane, urban, suburban, republican 4)?? -ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent 5)?? -ar, similar, popular, regular 6)?? -ary, military, voluntary 7)?? -ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical, 8)?? -ine, masculine, feminine, marine 9)?? -ing, moving, touching, daring |