2007年初中英语期末总复习之词汇篇-下
|
1. above & over; below & under [误] Our classroom is over theirs. [正] Our classroom is above theirs. [误] The plane flew above the bridge. [正] The plane flew over the bridge. [误] The lights hung above the desk. [正] The lights hung over the desk. above、over都表示“在…上面”，且都表示表面不接触的上方，但over指垂直在上，而above则表示位置较高，不一定是正上方。 below、under都表示“在…下面”，below指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在某物的正下方，其反义词是above，而under指在某物的正下方，有垂直在下的意思，其反义词是over。 2. by & on & over & through [误] They’re talking on the radio. [正] They’re talking by radio. “通过无线电交谈”习惯上说talk by radio，名词前不加冠词。 “通过收音机听到”习惯上说hear sth. on/over/through the radio，名词前加冠词。 “通过电视看到”习惯上说watch sth. on TV。 “通过电话交谈”习惯上说talk with sb. on/over the telephone。 “通过人造卫星收发电视节目”习惯上说through man-made satellites。 3. in & on & to [误] Tian wan is to the east of China. [误] Tian wan is on the east of China. [正] Tian wan is in the east of China. 表示方位“在……(东西南北)边)时，介词in、on、to有不同的用法。以“在……东部”为例，表示在该地范围之内，用in the east of，表示在该地与某地“相邻”，有接壤之意，用on the east of，表示不在该地范围，且有中间物，用to the east of。 4. in the end & at the end of & by the end of & at last 都有“最后”的意思，但in the end表示“结果，末了”，与at last是同义词组，at the end of表示“在……末端，尽头”，后面要接名词短语，by the end of表示“在……结束时，末了为止”，后面接时间短语。 5. to & for & toward(s) [误] He is leaving to HongKong next month. [正] He is leaving for HongKong next month. to，toward(s)作静态介词，表示静态位置时，均表示“朝……”或“向……”，一般两者可通用，towards指时间“将近”，意思是nearly；to则表示一段时间的终点，“差……到”的意思；for常用在leave、start等后面，表示要去的目的地，不可用to。 1. because & since & as & for [误] Because he was ill, so he didn’t go to school today. [正] Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school today. [正] He didn’t go to school today because he was ill. because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是正式的理由。在含because的句子中，全句强调的重点在原因上，不在主句的结果上。因此，回答why提出的问题时，只能用because，不能用since、as或for。because of后面只能跟短语，不能跟从句。 since表示的原因，指人们已知的事实，常译为“既然”，引导的从句只是一种附带的说明原因，不是对原因的强调。because与since不能与so连用。 as表示原因与since差别不大，只是语气更弱，是显而易见的理由。 for表示因果关系时，可与because替换使用，所不同的只是它只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首。在含for的句子里，for从句有时只是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因，与前一分句不存在因果关系。 2.either…or… & neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and… [误] Either he or I are right. [正] Either he or I am right. 前三个连词连接名词、代词等作主语时，谓语动词要与离其最近的主语的单复数一致，both…and…的谓语动词则要用复数。 六、容易混淆的代词： [考试说明] 熟练掌握人称代词主格、宾格形式及基本用法，在口语和书面语的表达中正确运用；掌握形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的基本用法；掌握反身代词作为宾语和同位语的基本用法；熟练掌握指示代词和疑问代词的基本用法。 1. either & each & none & neither & both & all & some [误] Either of the books are good. [正] Either of the books is good. either/ each / none / neither of+复数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数， 其中neither的也可用复数；both/ all /some of+复数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 A. some milkB. any juiceC. any breadD. some cakes 2. –What time is it? --Sorry. I don’t have a ______. A. bookB. watchC. penD. picture 3. ______ is ______. A. Orange, orangeB. Orange, an orange C. An orange, orange D. An ranges, an orange 4. Oh. It’s time ______. A. for breakB. to breakC. for a breakD. to a break 5. The novel is very ______. I’m ______ in it. A. interest, interestB. interesting, interesting C. interested, interestedD. interesting, interested 6. Although the man lived ______, he didn’t feel ______ because he had quite ______ old friends. A. lonely, lonely, fewB. alone, alone, few C. alone, lonely, a fewD. lonely, alone, a few 7. Everyday Mr. Green got ______ the lift and then got ______ his car to go to work. A. on, offB. into, out, of C. off, onD. out of, into 8. The jacket is so expensive. It ______ me a lot of money. A. takesB. spendsC. paysD. costs 9. Don’t throw about the paper. Please ______. A. pick up itB. pick it upC. picks up itD. picks it up 10. Please hurry up! The plane ______ in a few minutes. A. takes downB. will take away C. takes placeD. will take off 11. His brother enjoys ______ football matches. A. seeingB. lookingC. watchingD. finding 12. You may ______ we go to visit our uncle. A. sayB. tellC. speakD. talk 13. When we ran to the railway station, the plane just ______. A. reachedB. gotC. arrivedD. went 14. China has ______ several manmade satellites into space. A. sent upB. sent forC. sent awayD. sent back 15. You can ______ the book until you finish ______ it. A. borrow, looking B. lend, watching C. keep, readingD. return, seeing 16. The box is ______. You can’t put ______ in it. A. empty, somethingB. empty, anything C. full, somethingD. full, anything 17. China is a ______ country in the world. A. bigB. hugeC.tallD. great 18. There is ______ time for me to think. I must leave at once. A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little 19. Girls always try to keep their rooms ______. A. cleanB. cleaningC. to cleanD. cleans 20. –You look pretty today. --______. A. You’re right.B. All right. C. No. You’re not right.D. Thank you. 答案： 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. D |
