专业四级考试词汇语法详细解答40套三十六

Test Thirty?Six???

近义词辨析?

long, wish, desire, hope, expect?

这组词都含有“希望”之意。?

long

意为“渴望，盼望”，常与for搭配使用，有较强的感情色彩，表示对某一事物抱有热切的“希望”或强烈的“向往”。?

wish

作“希望，渴望”讲，是一般用语，常用于表达过去的遗憾，对不可能达到的目标的渴求，此时常为虚拟语气。另外，还可指对别人的祝愿。?

desire

意为“希望，渴望”，是正式用语，语气强于wish,指怀着急切的心情，强烈地盼望着达到某种目的，而这种殷切的希望经多方努力是可以实现的。?

hope

作“希望，盼望”讲，指人期待或渴望有一定指望的事物，这种期待可能实现也可能实现不了，但常含有充满信心之意。?

expect

表示“希望，期待”，指有一定的把握认为某人会做某事并期待着这种可能性的实现。?

She longed to go back to the laboratory.她渴望能回到实验室。?

What I like is chewing gum. I wish I had some now.我喜欢的是口香糖，真希望我现在有些口香糖。?

Have you got everything that your heart desired?你一心向往的东西都有了吗??

He hoped that his extra effort on the essay would bring him a higher mark.他希望他在论文上作出的特殊努力将会使他得高分。?

If I tell you to come, I expect you to come.如果我让你来，我就希望你来。??

result, consequence, effect, outcome?

这组词均含有“结果”的意思，指事物最后呈现的一种局面。?

result

是最普通的用词，用途最广，指很多效果、后果的综合，带有“最后结果”的意味。?

consequence

这个词带有贬义，一般表示一种不好的结局，常译为“后果”。?

effect

与cause(原因，起因)相对，强调由某种原因直接或立即产生的结果，可译为“效果，效力，作用，影响”。?

outcome

常译为“结果，结局”，常指某项活动、比赛或者悬而未决的事情最后见分晓、见输赢。?

The net result of our discussions was that she agreed to take this job.我们反复商量的最终结果是她同意接受这份工作。?

The high level of unemployment has produced harmful social consequences.高失业率已经造成了不良的社会后果。?

The advertising campaign didn’t have much effect on sales.这次广告运动对销售未能起到多大的作用。?

There were not many people who dared predict the outcome of the general election.没有人敢预测大选的结果。

全真模拟试题?

1. When Jack was eighteen he ?____? going around with a strange set ofpeople and staying out very late.?

A. took toB. took forC. took upD. took on?

2. He ?____? so much work that he couldn’t really do it efficiently.?

A. put onB. turned onC. brought onD. took on?

3. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is ?____? conditions and events.?

A. in response to B. in favor of?

C. in contrast to D. in excess of?

4. An obvious change of attitude at the top towards women’s status in society will ?____? through the current law system in Japan.?

A. permeateB. probeC. violateD. grope?

5. I seem to have reached a rather gloomy conclusion, but I think that something cheerful may still be derived ?____? it.?

A. ofB. offC. fromD. with?

6. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to ?____? in the courtyard.?

A. assembleB. convergeC. crowdD. accumulate?

7. He believed that the greatest of his ?____? was that he’d never had a college education.?

A. griefsB. misfortunesC. disastersD. sorrows?

8. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six ?____? libraries specially serve the countryside.?

A. mobileB. driftingC. shiftingD. rotating?

9. All our attempts to ?____? the child from drowning were in vain.?

A. regainB. recoverC. reserveD. rescue?

10. The shop?assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of ?____? quality he’d tell them so.?

A. humbleB. inferiorC. minorD. awkward?

11. The new washing machines are ?____? at the rate offifty a day.?

A. turn upB. turn downC. turned outD. turned in?

12.?____? should any money be given to a small child.?

A. On no accountB. From all accounts.?

C. Of no account D. By all accounts?

13. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ?____?the nurse Florence Nightingale.?

A. in line withB. in favor ofC. in honor ofD. in place of?

14. Visitors are asked to ?____? with the regulations.?

A. contrastB. consultC. complyD. conflict?

15. He thought he could talk Mr.Robinson ?____? buyingsome expensive equipment.?

A. onB. ofC. roundD. into?

16. The republication of the poet’s most recent works certainly ?____? his national reputation.?

A. magnifyB. strengthenC. enlargeD. enhance?

17. Although the two players are ?____? in the tennis court, they are really good friends.?

A. partnersB. enemiesC. rivalsD.companions?

18. His body temperature has been ?____? for three days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.?

A. uncommonB. disorderedC. abnormalD. extraordinary?

19. The final document was of course, supposed to mend the damage ?______? upon the world by the war.?

A. imposedB. impressedC. compelledD. compressed?

20. The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ?____? action.?

A. acuteB. alertC. profoundD. prompt?

21. The magician picked several persons ?____? from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.?

A. by accidentB. at randomC. on occasionD.on average?

22. This is ?____? the most difficult job I have ever tackled.?

A. by rightsB. by itselfC. by oneselfD. by far?

23. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning ?____?traffic jam.?

A. in line withB. for the sake of ?

C. in case ofD. at the risk of?

24. We ?____? Edison’s success to his intelligence and hard work.?

A. subjectB. attributeC. oweD. refer?

25. In Britain, and on the continent too, the Japanese are sometimes viewed ?____? a threat to domestic industries.?

A. likeB. withC. forD. as

试题答案与解析??

1. A)【句意】杰克18岁时愿意跟一帮怪里怪气的人混在一起，常常在外面呆到很晚才回来。?

【难点】take to意为“喜欢上”；take for意为“认为，误以为”；take up意为“占据(时间、空间、注意力等)”；take on意为“承担，呈现(面貌)，具有(特征)”。?

2. D)【句意】他承担的工作太多，以致于无法真正有效地进行。?

【难点】take on意为“承担”； turn on意为“开(电灯、水源、煤气等)”；bring on意为“引起，导致”；put on意为“穿上(衣服)，增加(体重)。”?

3. A)【句意】大部分人类活动，特别是与周围环境有关的活动，是对各种情况或事件的反应。?

【难点】in response to意为“反应”； in favour of意为“赞成，主张”;in contrast to意为“与…形成对照”; in excess of意为“超过”。?

4. A)【句意】上层社会对妇女在社会中地位的态度发生了明显的变化，这种变化将对日本现行的法律体系产生影响。?

【难点】permeate意为“渗透”;violate意为“侵犯，玷污”;probe意为“探索”，作不及物动词时可与介词into搭配; grope意为“摸索,探索”，可与介词for搭配。?

5. C)【句意】我得出的结论似乎令人沮丧，但我想或许能从中产生某种令人高兴的东西。?

【难点】derive无论作及物动词还是不及物动词，都可与介词from搭配，除表示起源之类的意思外，还可表示“取得，得到”等意思。?

6. A)【句意】如遇火警，要求全体居民在院子里集合。?

【难点】assemble意为“集合”；converge意为“会聚，集中(指向一共同点集中)；crowd意为“挤满，聚集(含有人群无秩序，人体互相碰擦的意思)”；accumulate意为“积累，积聚”。?

7. A) 【句意】他认为自己最大的不幸就是从未受过高等教育。?

【难点】grief意为“不幸的事，伤心的事(可数名词，常指因所爱的人去世或其它原因造成的、使人感到悲痛或忧虑的事情)”。?

8. A)【句意】这家服务机构在全国有36家图书馆，同时有6家专门为农村服务的流动图书馆。?

【难点】mobile意为“流动的”；drifting意为“漂流的”；shifting意为“移动的(指位置或方向发生改变)”；rotating意为“旋转的”。?

9. D)【句意】抢救落水儿童的一切努力均未成功。?

【难点】rescue意为“抢救”；regain意为“重新获得，恢复(健康，原职等)”；recover意为“(健康，力量，能力等)恢复，痊愈”；reserve意为“保留，保存”。?

10. B)【句意】这位售货员对顾客很坦率。如果商品质量不好的话，他会如实告诉顾客的。?

【难点】inferior意为“次的，次于…的”；humble意为“卑贱的，地位低下的(只用于指人)”；minor意为“次要的”；awkward意为“棘手的，使用不便的”。?

11. C)【句意】新洗衣机以每天50台的速度生产出来。?

【难点】turn out意为“生产”；turn up意为“开大(收音机、煤气等)”；turn down意为“把…调低，拒绝”；turn in意为“上交”。?

12. A)【句意】绝不应该给小孩子钱。?

【难点】on no account意为“绝不”；from all accounts和by all accounts意为“根据说法”，并非固定搭配，而of no account意为“丝毫不重要”是从成语of…account(“有…重要性”)演化而来的，account可加some, great, little, small等限定词进行修饰，表示程度。?

13. C)【句意】在伦敦时，我们访问了为纪念弗劳伦斯•南丁格尔护士而建立的医院。?

【难点】in honor of意为“为…的荣誉”；in line with意为“与…一致”； in favor of意为“支持，赞成”；in place of意为“代替”。?

14. C)【句意】要求参观者遵守规则。?

【难点】comply with意为“遵守”。其它三个词都可与介词with搭配：consult with意为“和…商量”；contrast with意为“与…形成对比”；conflict with意为“与…抵触”。?

15. B)【句意】他想他能说服鲁宾逊先生买一些昂贵的设备。?

【难点】除talk之外，还可用persuade或reason表达同一意思。另外，talk或reason sb. out of (doing) sth.意为“说服某人不做某事”。?

16. D)【句意】这位诗人新作再版无疑会提高他在国内的知名度。?

【难点】enhance意为“提高”;magnify意为“放大，扩大(使某物看起来比本身大)”;strengthen意为“加强，变强(使身体强壮，使某物更加牢固，结实)”;enlarge意为“扩大(使某物变大，或变宽)”。?

17. C)【句意】这两位网球选手场上是对手，场下是朋友。?

【难点】rivals意为“对手”;companion意为“同伴”;enemy意为“敌人”;partner为“搭档，合伙人”。?

18. C)【句意】他的体温一连三天都不正常，最高时达到40.5度。?

【难点】abnormal意为“不正常的”;uncommon意为“不寻常的”;disordered意为“失调的”;extraordinary意为“格外的”。?

19. A)【句意】最后的文件当然是弥合战争给世界造成的创伤。?

【难点】impose意为“强加”;impress意为“给…以深刻印象”;compel意为“强迫”;compress意为“压缩”。?

20. D)【句意】迪克行动迅速地救起了落水儿童。?

【难点】acute意为“敏锐的，急性的”;alert意为“警觉的，警惕的”;profound意为“深奥的”。?

21. B)【句意】魔术师从观众中任意挑选了几个人，要他们协助表演。?

【难点】at random意为“任意地”;by accident意为“偶然地”;on occasion意为“有时”;on average意为“平均”。?

22. D)【句意】这是我所干得最困难的工作。?

【难点】by far用来修饰最高级;by rights意为“按理”。B)、C)意均为“单独地，独自地”,前者指动物或东西，后者指人。?

23. C)【句意】今天早晨我上班比平时早，以防堵车。?

【难点】in case of意为“万一，以防”;for the sake of意为“为了…(的利益)”;at the risk of意为“冒险”; in line with意为“与…一致”。?

24. B)【句意】我们把爱迪生的成就归因于他的聪明才智及辛勤的劳动。?

【难点】attribute意为“把…归因于”;owe to意为“应该把…归功于”;subject to意为“使服从，使受到”;refer to意为“查阅，涉及”。?

25. D)【句意】在英国，以及在欧洲大陆，有时人们把日本人看做是对本地工业的威胁。?

【难点】be viewed as意为“被看作…”，be viewed和其他三个介词搭配不合适。