英语等级考试(PETS)写作部分命题规律及练习(1)
写作 第一节命题规律 写作部分是对考生书面表达能力的考查,因而在命题方面有着不同于其他部分的特点,考生应了解其命题规律,做到心中有数。 一、改写句子 该节共有3道题,主要考查考生在意思相同的情况下,对不同句型的表达方式的掌握。改写句子最基本的要求是保证改写后的句子和原句的意思大体相同。以填空的形式命题,考生须填补空白并使补全的句子与原句意思一致。该节要求考生要仔细阅读原句,准确理解其含义,将原句和目标句相互比较,找出需要补全的内容,正确改写句子。 (一)改写句子的常考题型 ● 主动语态与被动语态的转换 【例句】 1.Many workers built this factory in 2001. This factoryby many workers in 2001. 【正确答案】was built 【规律分析】这部分要求熟悉被动语态的构成——不同时态下系动词be的变化形式。 ● 直接引语与间接引语的转换 【例句】 2.He asked me,“Where are you going?” He asked me. 【正确答案】where I was going 【规律分析】这部分要求了解直接引语与间接引语。二者互变时要注意:人称的变化;时间表示法的变化;指示代词的变化;一般疑问句中疑问词的变化;特殊疑问句中语序的变化规则等。 ● There be句型的变换 【例句】 3.The room is empty. There is in the room. 4.What can I do for you? anything I can do for you? 【正确答案】3.nothing4.Is there 【规律分析】这部分要求了解 there be 句型的基本结构,注意系动词be在不同语境下的变化形式。 ● It引导的形式主语句子与其他句型的转换 【例句】 5.He spent 4 hours in doing his homework yesterday. It took him 4 hours his homework yesterday. 6.It seems that they like pop music. They to like pop music. 【正确答案】5.to do6.seem 【规律分析】这部分要求了解代词it在句子中的各种用法。it在英语中是个相当活跃的代词,它可以作形式主语、形式宾语和引导强调句等。 ● 一些习惯用法的不同表示法 第四章写作全国英语等级考试教程(第一级)【例句】 7.They have studied English for 20 years. They began to study English . 8.He went to the class at 9 o’clock. He didn’t go to the class 9 o’clock. 【正确答案】7.20 years ago8.until 【规律分析】这部分要求掌握英语中一些习惯用法的表达方式。在改写句子时,要求用不同的句型或不同的词表达出相同的意思. ● 词或词组间的互换 【例句】 9.He spent 20 dollars buying this book. He20 dollars this book. 10.She does well in English. She is English. 【正确答案】9.paid...for10.good at 【规律分析】这部分考查同义词或词组的替换。有些词虽然意义相近或相同,但往往在用法和结构搭配上有区别,考生应尤其注意。 ● 句子与词组间的互换 【例句】 11.We’re always busy with our work. We seldom have . 12.The boy is very young. The boy can’t understand it. The boy isyoung understand it. 【正确答案】11.free/spare time12.too...to 【规律分析】这部分要求掌握一些惯用词组的用法,同时注意句子和词组间的互换往往会使得句子结构改变。 ● 形容词、副词比较级等基本句型的转换 【例句】 13.Don’t forget to bring your book! to bring your book! 14.My mother is not in/at home. My mother is. 【正确答案】13.Remember14.out 【规律分析】这部分要求掌握一些基本的反义词,然后通过否定反义词的方法达到肯定的目的。 ● 反义词 【例句】 15.I don’t think maths is as interesting as English. I think maths is English! 16.Of all the boys in the class, John runs the fastest. John runsany other boy in the class. 【正确答案】15.less interesting than16.faster than 【规律分析】这部分要求考生熟悉一些形容词、副词比较级的基本句型,如:not as (so)+原级形式+as;比较级形式+than...;最高级形式+...in(of)... ● 词形的派生 |