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单词和短语是文章最基本的组成单位，用词是否出彩在一定程度上决定了文章是否能得高分！要想用对词，必须遵循以下原则： 1无重复原则 英语写作中经常会出现在同一文章中反复使用同一个词、词组的情况，这就是我们通常所说的重复。用词重复主要表现在名词、动词、形容词等实词的重复上。例如： 名词重复
Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help. 动词重复
I like reading while my brother likes playing football. 形容词重复
Mark Twain is famous for his short novels in America, and now he isalso becoming more and morefamous with Chinese readers. 为避免用词的重复，可采用以下方法： 省略 省略是避免重复最主要的手段。它可以节省词语，使句子结构更紧凑，还可以有效避免名词、动词、形容词的重复。例如： 名词省略
They are fine actors. Smith is the finest (actor) I’ve ever seen. 动词省略
Jack needn’t stay here， but George must (stay here). 形容词省略
Robert seemed angry， and George certainly was (angry)． 代词代替 这种方法主要用于解决名词的重复问题。例如： Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.
可改为：Catherineoffered him moral help and also practical one. 再如：Can you repairthis chair? I broke it yesterday． 同义词、反义词、派生词转换 名词、动词、形容词都适用这种方法。 名词同义词转换
原句：The snow was heavy last night.
修改后： It snowed heavily last night. 动词同义词转换
原句：The runner couldn’t catch up with the others in the race.
修改后：The runnerfell behind the others in the race. 形容词同义词转换
原句：I am completely confident that I am competent for the new job.
修改后：I am completely confident that I am qualified for the new job. 2短语优先原则 使用短语替换单词具有两大优势：
文章显得更为地道，增加亮点；
增加字数。 例： 原句：When he was a child， he wanted to learn everything.
修改后：When he was a child， he had a strong appetite for knowledge. 与原句中的wanted to learn everything相比，修改后的例句中的had astrong appetite for knowledge更能表现出“他”的求知若渴，表达更加生动。 常见的单词转化成短语的方法有： 形容词变短语方法：of+同根名词 常见的形容词及对应短语有： 形容词 短语
very important 非常重要的 of great importance
very difficult 非常困难的 of great difficulty
very difficult 非常困难的 of great difficulty
very beautiful 非常美丽的 of great beauty
very useful 非常有用的 of great use
very helpful 非常有帮助的 of great help
very harmful 非常有害的 of great harm
very valuable 非常有价值的 of great value
very significant 至关重要的 of great significance
very necessary 非常必要的 of great necessity 动词变短语方法：同义短语替换 常用的动词和对应动词短语如下： 动词 动词短语
stand 承受 put up with
consider 考虑 take...into consideration/account
exist 存在 come into existence/being
like 喜欢 be fond of, take delight in
support支持 be in favor of, approve of
think 想，认为 harbor the idea that, hold the view that
explain 解释 account for
agree 同意，赞成 approve of
conclude 得出结论 come to/draw a conclusion
remember 记住 bear/keep in mind
cause 引起 bring about
raise 提出 bring/put up, set forth
absorb采纳，吸收 take in
cancel 取消 call off
eliminate 取消 completely get rid of
help 帮助 give a hand
delay 耽误，耽搁 hold off
emphasize 重视 attach great importance to
replace 代替 take the place of
use 使用 make use of, take advantage of
know 知道 be aware of
3词义具体化原则
所谓词义具体化就是指写作过程中尽量避免使用意义宽泛、模糊的词，要根据语境使用具体、生动的词。 这些高分替换词，一定要马住！ 低分词 高分词
good 好的 superb, brilliant, outstanding, awesome
bad 坏的 adverse, evil, terrible, horrible
old 老的 old-fashioned, outdated, antiquated, archaic
strange 陌生的 eccentric, peculiar, odd, weird
short 短的 transient, short-lived
forever 永远 for good, perpetually
different 不同的 unique, distinctive, dissimilar
do 做 conduct, carry out, execute
see 看见 witness, observe, spot, glimpse
increase 增加，提高 soar, escalate, double/triple
walk 走 wander, stride, sneak, creep
learn 学习 acquire, review, master
get 取得 obtain, attain
help 帮助 assist, aid
mean 意思是 suggest, indicate, imply, symbolize
picture 图画 drawing, painting, cartoon
big 大的 immense, enormous, tremendous
cause 引起 give rise to, trigger, result in, arouse
make 做 produce, create, develop
rich 丰富的 wealthy, affluent, ample
cheap 便宜的 economical, inexpensive, affordable
common 普遍的 widespread, prevalent
change 改变 transform, alter, modify
people 人 individuals, adolescents, adults
famous 著名的 renowned, celebrated, distinguished, prominent
think 想 suppose, claim, maintain, presume, assume
keep 保存 preserve, conserve
break 破坏 undermine, jeopardize, devastate 温馨提示，由于英语词义范围非常广泛，即便是同义词也只是某种程度上的近似，不可能在意义上完全对等，所以大家在选词时要注意同义词含义上的细小差别哦。 例如： 句一： So there arises the problem:What should we do to get rid of the wrong attitudes toward the migrant workers? 句二： So there arises the question:What should we do to get rid of the wrong attitudes toward the migrant workers? problem指的是“实际存在的问题”或“需要解决的现实问题”，question指的是“可获得解释或回答的问题”，此处用question更为恰当。 | 
