PETS语法辅导：虚拟语气b
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16.5 特殊的虚拟语气词：should 1） It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 句型： (1)suggested It is (2)importantthat…+ (should) do (3) a pity (1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do (2)important, necessary, natural, strange a pity, a shame, no wonder (3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow. 2）在宾语从句中的应用 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。 order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules. 判断改错: （错） You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. (对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill. (错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. (对) I insisted that you were wrong. 3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 16.6 wish的用法 1）用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： 真实状况 wish后 从句动作先于主句动词动作现在时过去时 （be的过去式为 were） 从句动作与主句动作同时发生 过去时过去完成时 （had + 过去分词） 将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could + 动词原形 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn’t said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 2）Wish to do表达法。 Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 16.7 比较if only与only if only if表示"只有"；if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。 I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。 If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。 16.8 It is (high) time that It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed. 16.9 need "不必做"和"本不该做" didn’t need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。. needn’t have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。 John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn’t need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。 John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn’t have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。) 典型例题 There was plenty of time. She ___. A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurriedC. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried 答案D。needn’t have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。 Mustn’t have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn’t have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。 |
