LSAT考试模拟试题:LSAT考试试题三b
Questions 8-9 Ornithologist: The curvature of the claws of modern tree-dwelling birds enables them to perch in trees. The claws of Archeopteryx, the earlies known birdlike creature, show similar curvature that must have enabled the creature to perch on tree limbs. Therefore, Archeopteryx was probably a tree-dwelling creature. Paleontologist: No, the ability to perch in trees is not good evidence that Archeopteryx was a tree-dwelling bird.Chickens also spend time perched in trees, yet chickens are primarily ground-dwelling. 8. In responding to the ornithologist's hypothesis that Archeopteryx was tree-dwelling, the paleontologist (A) questions the qualifications of the ornithologist to evaluate the evidence 9. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the ornithologist's reasoning depends? (A) Modern tree-dwelling birds are the direct descendants of Archeopteryx. 10. There are rumors that the Premier will reshuffle the cabinet this week. However, every previous reshuffle that the Premier has made was preceded by meetings between the Premier and senior cabinet members. No such meetings have occurred or are planned. Therefore the rumors are most likely false. Which one of the following most accurately expresses a principle of reasoning employed by the argument? (A) When a conclusion follows logically from a set of premises, the probability that the conclusion is true cannot be any less than the probability that the premises are all true Questions 11-12 Carl: Researchers who perform operations on animals for experimental purposes are legally required to complete detailed pain protocols indicating whether the animals will be at risk of pain and, if so, what steps will be taken to minimize or alleviate it. Yet when human beings undergo operations, such protocols are never required. If lawmakers were as concerned about human beings as they seem to be about animals, there would be pain protocols for human beings too. Debbie: But consider this: a person for whom a doctor wants to schedule surgery can simply be told what pain to expect and can then decide whether or not to undergo the operation. So you see, pain protocols are unnecessary for human beings. 11. Debbie attempts to counter Carl's argument by. (A) showing that one of the claims on which Carl bases his conclusion is inaccurate 12. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument made by Debbie in response to Car's argument? (A) Not all operations that are performed on human beings are painful. 13. A company with long-outstanding bills owed by its customers can assign those bills to collection agency that pays the company a fraction of their amount and then tries to collect payment from the customers. Since these agencies pay companies only 15 percent of the total amount of the outstanding bills, a company interested in reducing losses from long-outstanding bills would be well advised to pursue its debtors on its own. The argument depends on the assumption that (A) a company that prusues its debtors on its own typically coliects more than 15 percent of the total amount of the long-outstanding bills that it is owed 14. Herbalist: Many of my customers find that their physical coordination improves after drinking juice containing certain herbs. A few doctors assert that the herbs are potentially harmful, but doctors are always trying to maintain a monopoly over medical therapies. So there is no reason not to try my herb juice. The reasoning in the herbalist's argument is flawed because the argument (A) attempts to force acceptance of a claim by inducing fear of the consequences of rejecting that claim 15. Because of the lucrative but illegal trade in rhinoceros horns a certain rhinoceros species has been hunted nearly to extinction. Therefore an effective way to ensure the survival of that species would be to periodically trim off the horns of all rhinoceroses thereby eliminating the motivation for poaching Which one of the following is an assumption required by the argument? (A) Most poachers who are discouraged from hunting rhinoceroses are not likely to hunt other animals for their horns. |