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经济金融术语汉英对照表（1) A
安全网 safety net
按可比口径 on comparable basis
按轻重缓急 to prioritize
暗补 implicit subsidy
暗亏 hidden loss
B
颁发营业执照 to license; to grant a license to
办理存款业务 to take deposits
保护农民的生产积极性 to protect farmers’ incentive to produce
备付金（超额准备金）excess reserves
本外币并账 consolidation of domestic and foreign currency accounts
本外币对冲操作 sterilization operation
本位利益 localized interest; departmentalism
奔小康 to strive to prosper; to strive to become well-to-do
避税(请见“逃税”) tax avoidance
币种搭配不当 currency mismatch
币种构成 currency composition
变相社会集资 disguised irregular (or illegal) fund raising
表外科目（业务）off-balance-sheet items (operation)
薄弱环节 weaknesses; loopholes
不变成本 fixed cost
不变价 at constant price; in real terms
不动产 real estate
不良贷款（资产）problem loans; non-performing loans (assets)
C
财务公司 finance companies
财政赤字 fiscal deficit
财政挤银行 fiscal pressure on the central bank (over monetary policy)
财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and monetary policies
采取循序渐进的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner
操作弹性 operational flexibility
操纵汇率 to manipulate exchange rate
产品构成 product composition; product mix
产品积压 stock pile; excessive inventory
产销率 current period inventory; （即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/output ratio
产销衔接 marketability
产业政策 industrial policy
长期国债 treasury bonds
敞口头寸 open position
炒股 to speculate in the stock market
承购包销 underwrite(securities)
成套机电产品 complete sets of equipment; complete plant(s)
城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives (UCCs)
城市合作银行 urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks
城市商业银行 municipal commercial banks
城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅 real growth in household income
持续升温 persistent overheating
重复布点 duplicate projects
重置成本 replacement cost
重组计划 restructuring plan
筹资渠道 funding sources; financing channels
初见成效 initial success
出口统一管理、归口经营 canalization of exports
出口退税 export tax rebate
储蓄存款 household deposits （不完全等同于西方的savings deposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。）
储蓄分流 diversion of household deposits
储源萎缩 decline in the availability of household savings
传导机制 transmission mechanism
从价税 ad valorem tax
从紧控制 tight control
存贷款比例 loan/deposit ratio
存款保险体系 deposit insurance system
存款货币银行 deposit money banks
存款准备金 required reserves | 
