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考研福利:搞定英语倒装句三部曲

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步骤一:形容词性的词置于句首或介词短语和方位副词置于句首,后紧跟系动词可判定为倒装。解析:形容词性的词在句中作定语和表语,而置于句首说明不是做后置定语,后紧跟系动词也说明不做前置定语,因此只能是充当表语:介词短语和方位副词在句中充当状语和表语,后紧跟系动词说明只能充当表语;介词短语和方位副词在句中充当状语和表语,后紧跟动词说明只能充当表语。步骤二:V.-ing 开头的句子,后紧跟复数系动词可判定为倒装。解析:V.-ing 开头时,通过词本身很难判断出其词性为形容词或动名词,因此只能通过系动词来判定。如果V.-ing 为动名词,那么系动词就应该是单数,所以如果出现的是复数系动词的话,可以判定为倒装。步骤三:V.-ing 开头的句子,后紧跟单数系动词,后接名词性的词可以判定为倒装。解析:V.-ing 开头时,系动词为单数,但如果后面是名词性的词,则可能是倒装也可能不是倒装,比如:Playing basketball is an interesting game.(不是倒装)Playing basketball is my cousin who is from the New York(倒装)如果我们把第一个句子倒装一下也不会产生歧义,符合英语习惯,因此我们就把单数系动词加名词性的词统统判定为倒装。示例:例1:Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals , sometimes easily recognizable as such , often distorted into gorgeous , weird , but always functional shapes .Surrounding开头,后接复数系动词可以判定为倒装;正常语序为:Three sepals and three petals , sometimes easily recognizable are surrounding the column.这里倒装的目的是为了平衡句子结构,使对于主语的修饰更加充分。译文:三个瓣片和三个萼片有时候是有时候是这样的容易被认出来,但是经常被扭曲成了美丽的、奇怪的,但经常是有用的一些形状,这些瓣片和萼片就围绕着这个柱子展开。例2:Most important , perhaps , was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity the technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist , Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River 为主语从句,在翻译的时候应先翻译冗长的主语从句。译文:他们几乎忠诚地在坚持着和美国第一个流行景观艺术家托马斯柯尔的技法和构图原则一致的技法和原则,柯尔一直从事着描绘哈德逊两岸的Catskill山风景的事业。

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