英语六种常用时态知识点
一、一般现在时 (be;do/does) The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。 How often does this shuttle bus run? 这班车多久一趟? (3)在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as,等引导的时间状语从句或由if, so/as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时(主将从现)。 When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours. 等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。 二、一般过去时 1.概念:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 2.标志词:yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in , at that time等。(有时句子中虽然不含表示过去时间的状语,但根据语境可判断动作或状态已经发生,而且与现在没有任何联系,也需用一般过去时。) 三、一般将来时(will / shall do。) 用法:1.be going to do:打算去……,要…… This is just what I am going to say. 这正是我想说的。 2.be about to do:即将、正要,强调近期内或马上要做的事。 例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you. 别担心,我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。 3."be to do":按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。 (客观安排,人为安排) 例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday. 星期一你准会在实验室见到她。 5) 有些动词,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般进行时,并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用,可以表示将来时。 例:My mother is coming to visit me next week.(我妈妈下周将来看我。) 四、现在进行时(be doing) 概念:现在正在进行的动作。 标志词:now, at this moment, look, listen, 五、过去进行时(was/ were doing) 概念:强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。 例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time. 别担心,你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。 注意事项:由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的,所以关于本时态的注意事项,可参考"一般将来时"和"现在进行时"的有关注意事项。 六、现在完成时(have done) 概念:1.表示某动作发生在过去,强调其对现在的影响。此时用短暂性动词。标志词:already, just, yet, never, before, 2. 表示某动作从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在。此时用延续性动词。标志词:lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far; since+时间点;for+时间段; 时态习题: 1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us. 2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in. 3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away. 4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off. 5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields. 6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring). 7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain. 8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员). |