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英译汉试题中常见的重要短语及典型句型(1)

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1.
(1) ... not so much...... as (but) ... 与其说……还不如说……

(2) ... not so much that.....as (but) that...... 与其说……还不如说……

 
(3) ... not so much as..... (=not even) 甚至于不……,连……也不……

(4) ... might as well ... as..... 与其说……还不如说……

例1:He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.

译文:与其说他是老师,还不如说是学者。(注意翻译时动作的对象)

例2:It wasn"t so much his appearance I liked as his personality.

译文:与其说我喜欢他的外表,不如说我喜欢他的品格。

例3:It"s not so much that I don"t want to come but I just haven"t got the time.

译文:倒不是因为我不想来,而是我根本没有时间。

例4:He didn"t so much as say thank you after all we"d done for him.

译文:我们为他干了那么多事,他甚至连谢谢都没有说一声。

例5:You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.

译文:与其将钱借给他,还不如把钱丢进大海。(注意翻译时动作的对象)

[注意]:more ... than ...

1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。

2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 与其说乔治言行放肆,不如说他聪颖过人。

以上第1)句是more... than结构的一般用法,即在两个不同的事物之间就同一方面作比较;而第2)句是就同一个人的两个不同方面作比较。因此要译成“与其说……还不如说……”。

more...than结构在上述1) 2)两句中的用法也适用于less ... than结构,得出相反的含义:

例如:

1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 与其说约翰胆大,不如说他脑子灵活。

2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 与其说乔治聪颖过人,不如说他言行放肆。

2.几个不定代词的固定搭配:

have none of: 不参加;不准;不接受

I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法!

He was offered a job but he said he’d have none of it. 他有一个工作机会,但他说他不接受。

none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)

None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。

She chose none but the best. 她只选最好的。

She is nothing but a child. 她只不过是个孩子。

none other than: (表示惊讶)不是别人,正是…… (= no one else but)

It’s none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.

none the +比较级词+ for: 毫不,一点也不

He spent 2 weeks in hospital but he’s none the better for it.

他在医院里待了两个星期,但一点也没好转。

My car is none the worse for wear. 我的车子一点也没有损耗。

none the wiser: 不知情

If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.

如果我们只拿一小块蛋糕,母亲是不会知道的。

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