当前位置

: 英语巴士网英语基础英语学习方法英语基础内容详情

牛津实用英语语法 90 表示时间和日期的介词:at,on,by,before

9

A at,on

用at来表示在某一时刻:

at dawn在黎明

at six在6点钟

at midnight在午夜

at 4∶30在4点30分

用at来表示在……岁时:

at sixteen/at the age of sixteen 16岁的时候

She got married at seventeen.

她17岁结婚。

用on来表示在星期几/某日:

on Monday在星期一

on 4 June在 6月 4日

on Christmas Day在圣诞节那一天

但以下的情况例外:

at night在晚上

at Christmas在圣诞节期间(不仅当天)

at Easter在复活节期间(不仅当天)

on the morning/afternoon/evening/night of a certain date在某一具体日期的早上/下午/傍晚/夜里

We arrived on the morning of the sixth.

我们在6号早上到达。

当然也可以说:

this/next Monday在这个/下个星期一

any Monday在任何一个星期一

one Monday在某个星期一

B by,before

by a time/date/period=at that time or before/not later than that date

在那一时刻或在那一日期或不迟于那一日期

这种表示方法常暗指在那一时刻或日期之前:

The train starts at 6∶10,so you had better be at the station by 6∶10.

火车6点10分发车,所以你最好在6点10分之前到达火车站。

by+a time常常和完成时态连用,尤其与将来完成时态连用(参见第216节):

By the end of July I’ll have read all those books.

到7月底我将已把那些书全读完了。

before可作介词、连词或副词:

Before signing this…

在签署这个之前……(介词)

Before you sign this…

在你签署这个之前……(连词)

I’ve seen him somewhere before.

我以前在什么地方见到过他。(副词)

(参见第195节B与第342节。)

C on time,in time,in good time

on time(按时,准时,既不在此时以前也不迟于此时):

The 8∶15 train started on time.

8点15分的火车按时发车。相当于:

It started at 8∶15.

火车在点15分正点发车。

in time/in time for(+名词)(及时,不迟于……);in good time (for)(留有充足的时间):

Passengers should be in time for their train.

旅客们要乘坐火车时应当早点到。

I arrived at the concert hall in good time(for the concert).

我及时到达了音乐厅。(也许音乐会7点半开始,而我在7点15分就到了)。

D on arrival,on arriving,on reaching,on getting to

On arrival/on arriving,he…相当于:

When he arrives/arrived,he…

在他到达时,他……

同理,on也可以与其他某些动词(主要是表示沟通思想的动词)连用:

On checking,she found that some of the party didn’t know the way.

经核查,她发现这一组人中有些不认得路。

On hearing/Hearing that the plane had been diverted,they left the air- port.

一听到飞机已经改飞别的机场,他们就离开了机场。

后面一句中的on可以省略。(参见第277节。)

E at the beginning/end,in the beginning/end,at first/at lastat the beginning(of…)(在……的开头)/at the end(of…)(在……的最后,照其字面的含义表示在开头/最后):

At the beginning of a book there is often a table of contents.

在一本书的开头常常有个目录。

At the end there may be an index.

结尾处可能有索引。

in the beginning/at first(=in the early stages在当初/最初)暗示着以后有所变化。

In the beginning/At first we used hand tools.Later we had machines.

当初/最初我们用手工工具,后来我们有了机器。

in the end/at last(=eventually/after some time最后/终于/后来):

At first he opposed the marriage,but in the end he gave his consent.

最初他反对这桩婚事,但最终还是同意了。

英语学习方法推荐