牛津实用英语语法 159 can't和couldn't表示否定的推断

A 对现在事件的否定推断，可以用can't或couldn't加上动词be的现在式或者可以用can't／couldn't加上动词的进行式表示：

Child：Can I have some sweets？I'm hungry．

孩子：我可以吃些糖果吗？我饿了。

Mother：You can't／couldn't be hungry．You've just had dinner．

母亲：你不会饿的。你刚吃过饭。

Ann（looking through binoculars）：An aeroplane is pulling up people fromthe boat！

安（透过望远镜）：有一架飞机正把人们从小船吊到飞机上！

Tom：It can't／couldn't be an aeroplane．It must be a helicopter．

汤姆：不可能是一架飞机。一定是一架直升机。

—He says he's still reading The Turn of the Screw．

—He can't／couldn't still be reading it．I lent it to him ages ago and it's quite a short book．

—他说他还在读《螺丝在拧紧》。

—他不可能还在读那本书。我很久以前就把书借给他了，而且书也很薄。

B 对过去事件的否定推断，可以由can't／couldn't+动词的完成式或完成进行式表示：

—A man answered the phone．I suppose it was her husband．

—It can't／couldn't have been her husband．He's been deaf for ages．

—是一个男人接的电话。我想大概是她丈夫。

—不可能是她丈夫。他耳聋了许多年了。

—I took a Circle Line train to St Paul's．

—You can't／couldn't have taken the Circle Line．It doesn't go through St Paul's．You must have been on the Central Line．

—我乘地铁环线去了圣保罗大教堂。

—你不可能乘环形地铁。它不经过圣保罗大教堂。你一定是乘的中央线地铁。

如所表示的推断是过去做出来的或是由动词过去式引导的，就必须用couldn't：

She said I couldn't have come on the Cricle Line．

她说我不可能是乘地铁环线来的。

He said it couldn't be an areoplane．

他说那不可能是飞机。

否则can't或couldn't都可以使用。