牛津实用英语语法 305 介词与被动态动词连用
A 正如已经提到过的,要提到被动态动词的施动者时,前面须用by引导: 主动态: Dufy painted this picture. 达菲画的这幅画。 被动态: This picture was painted by Dufy. 这幅画是达菲画的。 主动态: What makes these holes? 是什么东西弄出这些破洞的? 被动态: What are these holes made by? 这些破洞是什么东西弄的? 注意下列句子: Smoke filled the room. 房间里烟雾弥漫。 Paint covered the lock. 油漆涂遍了锁上。 它们的被动形式应当是: The room was filled with smoke. The lock was covered with paint. 这里针对的只是所涉及的物质而不是施动者本人。 B 动词+介词+宾语这一结构变成被动态时,介词应直接跟在动词之后: 主动态: We must write to him. 我们必须给他写信。 被动态: He must be written to. 必须给他写信。 主动态: You can play with these cubs quite safely. 你和这些熊崽子玩不会有危险。 被动态: These cubs can be played with quite safely. 和这些熊崽子玩不会有危险。 对动词+介词/副词结构,也应同样处理: 主动态: They threw away the old newspapers. 他们把旧报纸扔了。 被动态: The old newspapers were thrown away. 旧报纸给扔了。 主动态: He looked after the children well. 他对孩子们照顾得很好。 被动态: The children were well looked after. 孩子们被照顾得很好。 |