牛津实用英语语法 341 比较从句

A 形容词和限定动词连用时的比较（另参见第20节至第22节）：

It’s darker today than it was yesterday．

今天比昨天天色昏暗。

He doesn’t pay as much tax as we do／as us．

他没我们交的税款多。

He spends more than he earns．

他花的比挣的多。

注意：that＋形容词是一种口语形式，表示“那么……”：

—Will it cost￡100？

—No，it won’t cost as much as（all）that．It won’t be（all）that expen

－ sive．／It won’t be as expensive as that．

—要花100英镑吗？

—不，花不了那么多。没那么贵。

that＋形容词结构有时用于口语中表示very（很）的意思。

B 副词和限定动词连用时的比较（参见第31节至第34节）：

He didn’t play as well as we expected／as well as you（did）．

他打得不如我们预料的好／你打得好。

He sings more loudly than anyone I’ve ever heard／than anyone else （does）．

他唱得比我听到的任何人唱得都响／比任何人都声音响。

You work harder than he does／than him／than I did at your age．

你比他干得卖劲／我在你这个年龄时干得卖劲。

C 形容词和不定式或动名词连用时的比较：

通常两者都可使用，但动词不定式常常用于特定的动作，动名词则用于一般情况（参见下面E）：

It’s sometimes as cheap to buy a new one as（it is）（to）repair the old one．

Buying a new one is sometimes as cheap as repairing the old one．

有时买一个新的跟修理旧的一样便宜。

He found that lying on the beach was just as boring as sitting in his office．

He found lying on the beach just as boring as sitting etc．

他发现躺在沙滩上和坐在办公室里一样没趣／烦人。

He thinks it（is）safer to drive himself than（to）let me drive．

He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive．

他认为自己开车要比让我开车更安全些。

It will soon be more difficult to get a visa than it is now．

Getting a visa will soon be more difficult than it is now．

不久之后，签证会比现在更难拿到。

D 上面C所述的这种比较句式中，如as／than前面用的是动词原形，则常在as／than后面用动词原形而不用动名词。与此相同，如as／than前面用的是动名词，则在其后面一般也使用动名词，而不用动词原形，见前面的例子。位于as／than之前的限定动词＋this／that／which后面多跟动名词，虽也可跟动词不定式：

I’ll deliver it by hand；this will be cheaper than posting it．

我自己送过去，这样比邮寄要便宜。

He cleaned his shoes，which was better than doing nothing．

他把自己的鞋擦了，这总比无事可做好。

E 动词原形与would rather／sooner连用（参见第297与第298节）：

Most people would rather work than starve．

多数人宁可工作也不愿挨饿。

I would resign rather than accept him as a partner．

我宁可辞职也不愿接受他为合伙人。