be going to, doing, be about to, mean to
先来看看 “be going to” 的结构。在谈论未来的安排时,“be going to” 往往强调主观上打算或决定要做某事,但做这件事情的具体时间或地点等细节可能还不确定,来听两个例句。 Examples I'm going to have lunch in the park today. (我今天打算在公园里吃午饭。) We are going to throw a surprise party for my mum's birthday next week. (下周我们要为妈妈的生日举办一个惊喜聚会。) 接着,来看用现在进行时谈论将来的用法。我们可以用现在进行时来突出强调未来计划的细节已经敲定。来听两个例句。 Examples I'm meeting with my boss tomorrow at 10am to talk about my promotion. (我约了明天上午10点要和上司谈论关于我升职的事情。) She's travelling to Paris next Friday by train. (她下周五坐火车去巴黎旅行。) 下面,我们来讲一讲 “be about to”。虽然 “be about to” 也可以暗示意图,但它多用来突出动作或事情即刻、马上就要发生。来听三个使用了这个结构的例句。 Examples Hey, how are you? I was just about to call you. (嘿,你还好吗?我正要给你打电话呢。) I can't talk now. I'm about to get in the car. (我现在没法说话。我正要上车呢。) Sorry, can we talk about this tomorrow in the meeting? I'm about to finish up things for the day. (不好意思,我们能在明天的会议上讨论这件事情吗?我这就要结束今天的工作了。) 下面,我们说说 “mean to”——“mean to do something” 的意思是 “有意、本意是做某事”。来听两个例句。 Examples I didn't mean to upset you. (我不是故意惹你生气的。) I've been meaning to get my hair cut. I just don't have the time. (我一直想去剪发,只是没时间。) 最后,来补充三个类似的说法。比如:“plan to do something”,强调计划;“intend to do something”,强调意愿;“aim to do something”,突出最终的目的。虽然这三个说法在很多情况下都可以互换使用,但请大家注意它们之间的细微差别。来听三个例句。 Examples The company plans to expand their market overseas. (这家公司计划将其市场扩展到海外。) I've made it this far in the competition. I intend to win it. (我在比赛中已经走到了这一步。我定要胜出。) We aim to complete this project by the end of the month. (我们的目标是在月底前完成这个项目。) 好了,来回顾一下前面讲过的内容:在谈论未来的安排时,我们用 “be going to” 来突出主观上决定要做某事;而现在进行时则可以强调事情的具体安排已经敲定;我们用 “be about to” 来突出动作或事情马上、即刻就要发生;“mean to” 往往用来强调有意做某事;类似的说法还包括 “plan to do something”、“intend to do something”、“aim to do something”,但要注意它们之间的细微差别。 |