常见中文俗语谚语英译技巧
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1. 人山人海：在诗词用语（poetic expression）里，英美人也有使用：“a (the) sea of faces”，颇有咱的“人山人海”的味道。例如：Looking out upon the sea of faces, Mr. A delivered a touching speech.（望着一片人山人海的听众，A先生发表一篇动人的演说。）Standing at his podium, President Clinton saw a sea of faces waving at him.（克林顿总统站在讲台上看到人山人海的人群挥手向他致意。）。可见，说话者通常要在台上或高处，才有“人海”的感觉。因此，可以说：“I saw a sea of faces from the top of the building. ”但在平地的人群中，就不说：“I saw the sea of faces.” 也不说：“There is a sea of faces.”只说：“I saw a large crowd of people.” 2、家家有本难念的经：有人译成：“Every family cooking-pot has a black spot.”（意思是：每个家庭的锅子都有黑色的污点。）这样说法，英美人恐怕不能充分了解。不过英美人最常见的说法是：“Many families have skeletons in the closet.（许多家庭的衣柜里都有骨骸，骨骸就是指家丑。）”；或者说：“Every family has its own source of shame.（每个家庭都有自己的丑事）”；说白些，就是：“Every family has its own problem.” 4、平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚：有人照字面意思直译为：“When times are easy, we do not burn the incense, but when the trouble comes, we embrace the feet of the Buddha.”这种说法，英美人也会一知半解。美语里一般说法是：“Worship God every day; not just in times of adversity.（要每天敬拜神，不是只在困难时。）”；对学生也可以说：“If you study hard every day, exams will not seem overwhelming.（如果你每天用功，考试就不会形成压力。）” 5、挂羊头，卖狗肉：有人照字直译为：“He advertises mutton, but sells dog’s flesh.”或“He hangs up a sheep’s head at the shop front and sells dog meat.”这两种译法，恐怕英美人都难理解，尤其谈到“狗肉”，他们更会反感，因为狗是他们最爱的宠物，不过英美人倒有相近的说法：“He applied bait-and-switch tactics in business.（他经商的策略是先引诱顾客来，再改变货物的品质。 ）”，“Bait-and-switch”当名词用，也可不用连字号“This store uses bait and switch policy.” 或者简单的说：“Let the buyer be aware!（让消费者提高警觉）”或“Say one thing and do another.” 6、一言既出，驷马难追：有人译成：“One word lets slip and four horses will fail to catch it. 或 A statement that once let loose cannot be caught by four galloping horses.”这两种说法，中文味道嫌重，英美人未必理解。不过他们倒有类似的说法：“A word once let go cannot be recalled.”或者说：“You cannot take back what you have said.（你说出的话，就不能再收回来。）” 7、祸从口出，言多必失：有人译为：“The mouth is the gate of misfortune and evil.”英美人听了，恐怕不能完全理解。最好说成：“Careless talk leads to trouble.（不小心说话，会带来麻烦）或“The less said the better.（说的愈少愈好）”甚至也可以说：“Shut the mouth and open the eyes.（闭嘴少说，张眼多看。）” |
