经贸管理英文词汇
|
（M0）money in circulation 流通中的现金 （M1） narrow money 狭义货币 （M2） broad money 广义货币 a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统 Account 帐户 Accounting equation 会计等式 Accounting system 会计系统 All Risks 一切险 American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 Articulation 勾稽关系 Assets 资产 Audit 审计 bad account 坏帐 Balance sheet 资产负债表 bear market 熊市 blank endorsed 空白背书 Bookkeepking 簿记 bull market 牛市 Business entity 企业个体 Capital stock 股本 cargo receipt 承运货物收据 Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 catalogue 商品目录 Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书 Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师 China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会 China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行 close-ended fund 封闭式基金 commission 佣金 consignee 收货人 Corporation 公司 Cost accounting 成本会计 cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格 cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费 Cost principle 成本原则 Creditor 债权人 cut a melon 分红 dead account 呆帐 Deflation 通货紧缩 delivery 交货 Disclosure 批露 dividend，bonus stock 股息，红利 downturn 低迷时期 endorsed 背书 enforce stockholding system 实行股份制 Expenses 费用 export department 出口部 External users 外部使用者 F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险 F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险 face value 面值 fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税 Financial accounting 财务会计 Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 Financial activities 筹资活动 Financial forecast 财务预测 Financial statement 财务报表 foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备 futures market 期货市场 Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息 genetically－modified products 基因改良产品 Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设 Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室 Hook Damage 钩损险 import department 进口部 Income statement 损益表 income tax 所得税 indicative price 参考价格 Inflation 通货膨涨 Inquiry 询盘 Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会 Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会 Integrity 整合性 Internal auditing 内部审计 Internal control structure 内部控制结构 Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署 Internal users 内部使用者 Investing activities 投资活动 knowledge-based economy 知识经济 labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济 Liabilities 负债 Management accounting 管理会计 marine bills of lading 海运提单 national bonds 国债 nationalize；nationalization 国有化 Negative cash flow 负现金流量 non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款 non-work income 非劳动收入 notify 被通知人 open-ended fund 开放式基金 Operating activities 经营活动 order 订货 outstanding of deposits 存款余额 Owner's equity 所有者权益 partial shipment 分批装运 Partnership 合伙企业 Positive cash flow 正现金流量 press conference 记者招待会 price list 价目表 privatize；privatization 私有化 proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策 promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自主权 public relations department公关部 publicly owned economy 公有经济 recession 衰退时期 rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序 reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持 restraint of trade 贸易管制 Retained earning 留存利润 Return of investment 投资回报 Return on investment 投资报酬 Revenue 收入#p# Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险 Risk of Leakage 渗漏险 Risk of odor 串味险 Risk of Rust 锈蚀险 sales terms and conditions销售条件 Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会 shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制 shipping order 托运单 Shortage Risk 短缺险 Sole proprietorship 独资企业 Solvency 清偿能力 specification 规格 Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 state stock reduction 国有股减持 Statement of cash flow 现金流量表 Statement of financial position 财务状况表 steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策 Stockholders 股东 Stockholders' equity 股东权益 streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用 Strikes Risk 罢工险 T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险 Tax accounting 税务会计 technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济 the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数 the first majority shareholder 第一大股东 the Hang Seng index 恒生指数 thin trade 交易薄弱 to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股 to expand domestic demand 扩大内需 value-added tax 增值税 W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险 War Risk 战争险 Window dressing 门面粉饰 year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的 bull market: 牛市， 多头市场 bear market :熊市， 空头市场 股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock 国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product) 人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP 产值 output value 鼓励 give incentive to 投入 input 宏观控制 exercise macro-control 优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure 输入活力 bring vigor into 改善经济环境 improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order 有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation 非公有成分 non-public sectors 主要成分 dominant sector 实在的 tangible 全体会议 plenary session 解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley 举措 move 实事求是 seek truth from facts 引进、输入 importation 和平演变 peaceful evolution 试一下 have a go (at sth.) 精华、精粹、实质 quintessence 家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system 搞活企业 invigorate enterprises 商品经济 commodity economy 基石 cornerstone 零售 retail 发电量 electric energy production 有色金属 nonferrous metals 人均收入 per capita income 使负担 be saddled with 营业发达的公司 going concerns 被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business 善于接受的 receptive 增额、增值、增长 increment 发展过快 excessive growth 抽样调查 data from the sample survey 扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率 actual growth rate 国际收支 international balance of payments 流通制度 circulation system 总工资 total wages 分配形式 FORMs of distribution 风险资金 risk funds 管理不善 poor management 一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points 以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义***思想、坚持改革开放 the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening. 改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。 ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system." 我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。 The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards. 社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。 The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity. 要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。 to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence. 中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。 China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation. 资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。 Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy. 随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。 As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged. 初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。 to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy. 各尽所能，按劳/需分配。 from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs. 经济结构改革。 reFORM in economic structure 剩余劳动力。 surplus labor 经营机制 operative mechanism 发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market 经济和law的杠杆 economic and legal leverages 经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation 计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制 a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation 取消国家对农产品的统购统销 to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products 改革重点转移到城市#p# the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities 国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设 The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization. 逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。 to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy. 社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。 The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people. 国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。 The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy. 国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。 The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy. 农业 farming 林业 forestry 畜牧业 animal husbandry 副业 sideline production 渔业 fishing 第一产业 primary industry 第二产业 secondary industry 第三产业 tertiary industry 生产资料 means of production 生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence 生产关系 relations of production 生产力 productive forces 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership 全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people 社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership 厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 合资企业 joint venture 合作企业 cooperative enterprise 独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise 世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization 中国人民银行 People's Bank of China 信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry 国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission 贷款无力偿还 loan defaults 船务公司 shipping service company 非商标(非专利)产品 generic products 稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy 超前消费 deficit spending (到银行)挤兑 run on banks 对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture 特种债券 special bonds 富裕经济 economy of abundance 年复合增长率 CAGA (compound annual growth average) 动物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein 转基因组织 GMO (genetically modified organism) 视频点播 VOD (video-on-demand) 音频点播 AOD (audio-on-demand) 市场准人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative Aspects of Market Access 亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory Council 亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum 亚太通讯与数据系统 ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System 亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises 亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank 亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting 东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area 亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting 澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement 亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network 亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center 亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure 亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation 亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum 亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program 东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations 亚欧会议 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting 农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation 中央处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit) 计算机辅助设计 CAD(Computer-Aided Design) 互联网普及率 Internet Penetration 网民 Cyber Citizen 网络犯罪 Cyber Crime 网络城市, 虚拟城市 Cyber City 数字鸿沟 Digital Divide 智能学校 Smart Schools 多功能卡 Multipurpose Card 软件开发 Software Development 内容开发 Content Development 数字化商业 Digital Business 信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow 软件包 Software Packages 申请注册域名 Domain Name Application and Registration 虚拟空间 Virtual Space 局域网 Intranet 脑图 Mind Map 便携式电脑 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer 个人数字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant 掌上电脑 Palm Computer 路由器 Router 网络管理员 Network Administrator 网络经济 Cyber Economy 以太网 Ethernet #p# 服务提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider 网络计算机 NC: Network Computer 多媒体个人电脑 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer 多媒体扩展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions 兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz 视频图形阵列 VGA:Video Graphics Array 三维摄影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio 虚拟现实 VR：Virtual Reality 原始设备制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer 即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play 乐器数字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface 运动图像专家组 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group 域名 Domain Name 拨号连接 Dial-up Connection 海关类 Customs Bond 海关担保 Surety Company 担保公司 Principle 本人 Carrier 承运人 Attorney 代理人/委托人 Freight Forwarder 货运代理 Jointly and Severally Liable For 负连带责任 Liquidated Damages 违约赔偿金 Solvency 偿付能力 Security 抵押品/保证金 Power of Attorney 委托书 Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申报 CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编 Bill of Lading 提单 Condemned Goods 有问题的货物 Customs Liquidation 清关 Customs Clearance 结关 Court Costs 诉讼费用 Disposition of Merchandise 货物处置 债转股 debt-to-equity swap 港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against …… 通货紧缩 deflation 通货膨胀 inflation 非配额产品 quota-free products 非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects 风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment 风险基金 venture capital 风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale 国合企业（即国有合作社） state-owned cooperatives 国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment 国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国家补贴 public subsidies 国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves 合理引导消费 guide rational consumption 季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments 既成事实 established/accomplished facts 技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises 千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug 企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises 企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses 实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development 瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions 皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company 放松银根 ease monetary policy 流动人口 floating population 企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure 消费膨胀 inflated consumption 信息化 informationize 无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator 无纸交易 paperless transaction 适销对路的产品 readily marketable products 倒爷 profiteer 机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations 机构重叠 organizational overlapping 利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 经常性的财政收入 regular revenues 慢性萧条 chronic depression 双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system 就业前培训 pre-job training 岗位培训 on-the-job training 对外项目承包 foreign project contracting 劳务合作 labor service cooperation 外援方式 modality of foreign aid 自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999 所有制形式 forms of ownership 以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis 风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment 国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state <<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan 部长级会议 ministerial meeting 公正合理 equitable and rational 抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities 减免债务 reduce and cancel debts 工程项目 engineering project 同步增长 increase in the same pace 摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis 走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress 工业增加值 industrial added value 固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets 建材 building materials 累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus 注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into 配件 accessories 备件 spare parts 进口环节税 import linkage tax 营业税 turnover tax 企业所得税 corporate income tax 抵免 offset 省会 provincial capital 直辖市 municipality directly under the central government 龙头产品 flagship product 现代企业制度 modern corporate system 实行股份制 enforce stockholding system 控股公司 holding company 自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses 在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership 形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition 国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System 帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction 清理、修订 screen and modify 水利 water conservation 转化经营机制 change the method of operation 中介服务组织 intermediary service organization 军民两用品出口 dual purpose exports 军民两用产品和技术 dual-use goods and technology 北美自由贸易区 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area 全球配额 global quota 祖父条款 grandfather clause 动物源食品 Animal-derived food 部门提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization) 贸易和投资自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation) 国际清算 international settlement 商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction 广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment 自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate 资本项目 capital account 经常项目 current account 求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground 防伪标志 anti-fake label 出口创汇型产业 export-oriented industry 盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets 竟价投标 competitive bidding 协议投标 negotiated bidding 横向兼并 horizontal merger 垂直兼并 vertical merger 垃圾融资 junk financing 货币市场 money market 申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system 最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights) (纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程 Integration process 国际兽疫组织 International Office of Epizootics 知识产权 IPRs (Intellectual property rights) 国际纺织品服装局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau) 产品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) 最不发达国家 LDCs (Least-developed countries) 许可费 License fee 同类产品 Like product 当地含量 Local content 市场准入 Market access 专门的营销机构 Market boards 实质损害 Material injury 模式 Modalities 配额调整条款 modulation of quota clause 《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) Montreal Protocol (农业)多功能性 Multifunctionality (服务贸易)自然人 National Person 国民待遇 National treatment 新议题 New issues 通知义务 Notification obligation (利益的)丧失和减损 Nullification and impairment 有秩序的市场安排 Orderly market arrangements (争端解决)专家组 Panel 《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) Paris Convention (《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款 Peace clause 诸边协议 Plurilateral agreement (服务贸易)自然人流动 Presence of natural person 生产补贴 Production subsidy 关贸总协定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 世界贸易组织 WTO (World Trade Organization) 乌拉圭回合 Uruguay Round 最惠国贸易地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment) 争端解决机构 Dispute Settlement Body 《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》 DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes) 动植物卫生检疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard ) （农产品）综合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support) (《农产品协议》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard) 《纺织品与服装协议》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing) 《服务贸易总协定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services) 《信息技术协议》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement) 《多种纤维协定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement) 《北美自由贸易协定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) 东盟自由贸易区 ASEAN Free Trade Area 东部和南部非洲共同市场 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa) 南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场） MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market) 南亚区域合作联盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation) 贸易与发展委员会 Committee on Trade and Development 贸易与环境委员会 Committee on Trade and Environment 欧洲自由贸易联盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) 国际贸易中心 ITC (International Trade Center) 国际贸易组织 ITO (International Trade Organization) 国际贸易组织临时委员会 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization) 国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization) 国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 经济合作与发展组织 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program) 联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program) 世界海关组织 WCO (World Customs Organization) 世界知识产权组织 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) 非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定） ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group) （补贴协议）可诉补贴 Actionable subsidy （农产品国内支持）"黄箱"措施 Amber Box measures (解决争端)上诉 Appeal 上诉机构 Appeal body 《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定） Basel Convention 《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约） Berne Convention 基础税率 Base tariff level （农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions 国际收支条款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions 既定日程 Built-in agenda 约束水平 Bound level 食品法典委员会 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission) （欧盟）共同农业政策 Common Agriculture Policy 《生物多样性公约》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity) 规避 Circumvention 《濒危物种国际贸易公约》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species （服务贸易）商业存在 Commercial presence （服务贸易）境外消费 Consumption abroad （服务贸易）跨境交付 Cross border supply (解决争端)申诉方 Complaint (解决争端)被诉方 Defendant 反补贴税 Countervailing duty 反向通知 Counter-notification 交叉报复 Cross retaliation 货币贸易理事会 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods) 货币留成制度 Currency retention scheme 海关完税价值 Customs value 海关估价 Customs valuation 直接支付 Direct payment 国内产业 Domestic industry 国内生产 Domestic production 国内补贴 Domestic subsidy (农产品)国内支持 Domestic support 电子商务 Electronic Commerce 环保型技术 EST(Environmentally-sound technology) 采取措施前 Ex ante 采取措施后 Ex post 出口实绩 Export performance 出口补贴 Export subsidy （解决争端）调查结果 Findings 粮食安全 Food security 免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家) Free-rider （知识产权）地理标识 Geographical indications 转基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) 政府采购 Government procurement （农产品国内支持）绿箱措施 Green Box measures 灰色区域措施 Grey area measures 拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团 GRULAC WTO最不发达国家高级别会议 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs) 协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度） HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System) 《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册） Lisbon Agreement 国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization) 国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund) 进口押金 Import deposits 进口许可 Import licensing 进口渗透 Import penetration 进口替代 Import substitution 进口附加税 Import surcharge 进口差价税 Import variable duties 项目管理 Project Management |
