商务英语阅读技巧:预测
在英美经贸报刊中,关于国际经济贸易发展和预测其发展趋势的文章占据相当大的比重。这些文章除在内容上具有涉及范围广泛的特点外,在文章的表达方式上也具有鲜明的特点。比如,有关国际经贸发展及预测其发展趋势的文章通常涉及各种指数的变化和比较,这些指数变化的文字表达构成该类文章的一大特点。掌握这些特点,无疑对迅速而准确地理解文章的内容起到十分重要的作用。 上一课我们归纳了有关经济贸易发展方面常用的表达方式,今天我们继续归纳西方经贸报刊中有关预测的表达方式。 英美经济贸易报刊在描写经济贸易发展趋势时经常要根据过去,目前情况对未来表示预测,如: A survey of leading bankers projects that job cuts in the industry will average some 90,000 jobs annually until the year 2000. On the other hand, unemployment is expected to rise everywhere, to the highest level known since the Korean war. Moreover, monetary policy cannot ignore fiscal policy. The Feds will probably want to wait and see how much near-term deficit reduction is contained in the 1996 federal budget before sanctioning another drop in rates. 用于预测未来经济贸易发展趋势的词汇主要有:forecast, project, anticipate, expect, hope, etc. 对未来的经济与贸易政策和发展趋势所作出的预测,通常有如下三种形式:1) 肯定的(certain);2) 可能性比较大的(probable);3) 只有一般可能性的(possible)。 1. 表示通货膨胀肯定要上升时的表达方式: Inflation will / is bound to / is certain to / is about to / will certainly / will surely / will definitely / will no doubt increase. (It is certain that inflation will increase.) 2. 表示通货膨胀很有可能要上升的表达方式: Inflation is likely to / should / would / will probably increase. (It is probable that inflation will increase.) 3. 表示通货膨胀只是一般有可能上升的表达方式: Inflation may / will possibly / might / could increase. (It is possible that inflation will increase.) 西方报刊中,表示经济贸易状况及预测未来发展趋势的词汇很多,除以上提到的动词机构外,还有名词、形容词。另外,掌握固定的前置词结构,对准确把握和理解经济贸易发展变化的程度也很有帮助。 常与百分比搭配使用的固定前置词有: to grow / to fall / to increase / to rise / to cut / to go down / to drop by 5% to run at a rate of 5% to slow down from 10% to 5% to increase from a 5% average to a 6% average 与时间、地点一同搭配的前置词结构有: in the last decade over the past ten years between 1996 and 2006s between 2004-2006 during the last decade in 2006 in 2005-2006 since 2000 before the end of the year / decade / century the year 2006 in USA in Europe 来源:竞学网 |