经济金融术语汉英对照表（央行权威版）8
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Z 再贷款 central bank lending 在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions 在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank 在途资金 fund in float 增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture 增势减缓 deceleration of growth; moderation of growth momentum 增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures 增长平稳 steady growth 增值税 value-added tax (VAT) 涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate; excessive growth 账外账 concealed accounts 折旧 depreciation 整顿 retrenchment; consolidation 政策工具 policy instrument 政策性业务 policy-related operations 政策性银行 policy banks 政策组合 policy mix 政府干预 government intervention 证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions 证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase 支付困难 payment difficulty 支付能力 payment capacity 直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions 职业道德 professional ethics 指令性措施 mandatory measures 指令性计划 mandatory plan; administered plan 制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy; to formulate and implement monetary policy 滞后影响 lagged effect 中介机构 intermediaries 中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities 分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects; key investment project 周期谷底 bottom(trough)of business cycle 周转速度 velocity 主办银行 main bank 主权风险 sovereign risk 注册资本 registered capital 逐步到位 to phase in; phased implementation 逐步取消 to phase out 抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small(to maintain close oversight on the large state-owned enterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition) 专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked 转贷 on-lending 转轨经济 transition economy 转机 turnaround 转折关头 turning point 准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit 准货币 quasi-money 资本不足 under-capitalized 资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio 资本利润率 return on capital 资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility 资不抵债 insolvent; insolvency 资产负债表 balance sheet 资产负债率 liability/asset ratio; ratio of liabilities to assets 资产集中 asset concentration 资产贡献率 asset contribution factor 资产利润率 return on assets (ROA) 资产质量 asset quality 资产组合 asset portfolio 资金成本 cost of funding; cost of capital; financing cost 资金到位 fully funded (project) 资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds 资金利用率 fund utilization rate 资金缺口 financing gap 资金体外循环 financial disintermediation 资金占压 funds tied up 自筹投资项目 self-financed projects 自有资金 equity fund 综合国力 overall national strength(often measured by GDP) 综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator 综合治理 comprehensive adjustment (retrenchment);over-haul 总成交额 total contract value 总交易量 total amount of transactions 总成本 total cost 最后贷款人 lender of last resort |
